軍隊(duì)文職2018年真題試題_軍隊(duì)文職考試

解放軍文職招聘考試2012年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)真題試卷-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊(duì)文職考試-紅師教育

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2017-06-18 18:26:272012年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)真題試卷word版Part Ⅰ Writing (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Excessive Packaging following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.1.目前許多商品存在過(guò)度包裝的現(xiàn)象2.出現(xiàn)這一現(xiàn)象的原因3.我對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象的看法和建議Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1. For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C)and D). For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Small Schools RisingThis year s list of the top 100 high schools shows that today, those with fewer students are flourishing.Fifty years ago, they were the latest thing in educational reform: big, modern, suburban high schools with students counted in the thousands. As baby boomers(二戰(zhàn)后嬰兒潮時(shí)期出生的人) came of high-school age, big schools promised economic efficiency. A greater choice of courses, and, of course, better football teams. Only years later did we understand the trade-offs this involved: the creation of excessive bureaucracies(官僚機(jī)構(gòu))，the difficulty of forging personal connections between teachers and students.SAT scores began dropping in 1963;today,on average,30% of students do not complete high school in four years, a figure that rises to 50% in poor urban neighborhoods. While the emphasis on teaching to higher, test-driven standards as set in No Child Left Behind resulted in significantly better performance in elementary(and some middle)schools, high schools for a variety of reasons seemed to have made little progress.Size isn t everything, but it does matter, and the past decade has seen a noticeable countertrend toward smaller schools. This has been due ,in part ,to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which has invested $1.8 billion in American high schools, helping to open about 1,000 small schools-most of them with about 400 kids each with an average enrollment of only 150 per grade, About 500 more are on the drawing board. Districts all over the country are taking notice, along with mayors in cities like New York, Chicago and San Diego. The movement includes independent public charter schools, such as No.1 BASIS in Tucson, with only 120 high-schoolers and 18 graduates this year. It embraces district-sanctioned magnet schools, such as the Talented and Gifted School, with 198 students, and the Science and Engineering Magnet,with383,which share a building in Dallas, as well as the City Honors School in Buffalo, N.Y., which grew out of volunteer evening seminars for students. And it includes alternative schools with students selected by lottery(抽簽)，such as H-B Woodlawn in Arlington, Va. And most noticeable of all, there is the phenomenon of large urban and suburban high schools that have split up into smaller units of a few hundred, generally housed in the same grounds that once boasted thousands of students all marching to the same band.Hillsdale High School in San Mateo, Calif, is one of those, ranking No.423 among the top 2% in the country on Newsweek s annual ranking of America s top high schools. The success of small schools is apparent in the listings. Ten years ago, when the first Newsweek list based on college-level test participation was published, only three of the top 100 schools had graduating Classes smaller than 100 students. This year there are 22. Nearly 250 schools on the full ,Newsweek list of the top 5% of schools nationally had fewer than 200 graduates in 2007.Although many of Hillsdale s students came from wealthy households, by the late 1990 average test scores were sliding and it had earned the unaffectionate nickname (綽號(hào)) Hillsjail. Jeff Gilbert. A Hillsdale teacher who became principal last year, remembers sitting with other teachers watching students file out of a graduation ceremony and asking one another in astonishment, How did that student graduate?So in 2003 Hillsdale remade itself into three houses, romantically named Florence, Marrakech and Kyoto. Each of the 300 arriving ninth graders are randomly(隨機(jī)地) assigned to one of the houses. Where they will keep the same four core subject teachers for two years, before moving on to another for 11th and 12th grades. The closeness this system cultivates is reinforced by the institution of advisory classes Teachers meet with students in groups of 25, five mornings a week, for open-ended discussions of everything from homework problems to bad Saturday-night dates. The advisers also meet with students privately and stay in touch with parents, so they are deeply invested in the students success. We re constantly talking about one another s advisers, says English teacher Chris Crockett. If you hear that yours isn t doing well in math, or see them sitting outside the dean s office, it s like a personal failure. Along with the new structure came a more demanding academic program, the percentage of freshmen taking biology jumped from 17 to 95. It was rough for some. But by senior year, two-thirds have moved up to physics, says Gilbert Our kids are coming to school in part because they know there are adults here who know them and care for them. But not all schools show advances after downsizing, and it remains to be seen whether smaller schools will be a cure-all solution.The Newsweek list of top U.S. high schools was made this year, as in years past, according to a single metric, the proportion of students taking college-level exams. Over the years this system has come in for its share of criticism for its simplicity. But that is also its strength: it s easy for readers to understand, and to do the arithmetic for their own schools if they d like.Ranking schools is always controversial, and this year a group of 38 superintendents(地區(qū)教育主管)from five states wrote to ask that their schools be excluded from the calculation. It is impossible to know which high schools are the best in the nation, their letter read. in part. Determining whether different schools do or don t offer a high quality of education requires a look at man different measures, including students overall academic accomplishments and their subsequent performance in college. And taking into consideration the unique needs of their communities.In the end, the superintendents agreed to provide the data we sought, which is, after all, public information. There is, in our view, no real dispute here, we are all seeking the same thing, which is schools that better serve our children and our nation by encouraging students to tackle tough subjects under the guidance of gifted teachers. And if we keep working toward that goal, someday, perhaps a list won t be necessary.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖鹂?上作答.1. Fifty years ago. big. Modern. Suburban high schools were established in the hope of __________.A) ensuring no child is left behindB) increasing economic efficiencyC) improving students performance on SATD) providing good education for baby boomers2. What happened as a result of setting up big schools?A) Teachers workload increased.B) Students performance declined.C) Administration became centralized.D) Students focused more on test scores.3. What is said about the schools forded by the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation?A) They are usually magnet schools.B) They are often located in poor neighborhoods.C) They are popular with high-achieving students.D) They are mostly small in size.4. What is most noticeable about the current trend in high school education?A) Some large schools have split up into smaller ones.B) A great variety of schools have sprung up in urban and suburban areas.C) Many schools compete for the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation funds.D) Students have to meet higher academic standards.5. Newsweek ranked high schools according to .A) their students academic achievementB) the number of their students admitted to collegeC) the size and number of their graduating classesD) their college-level test participation6. What can we learn about Hillsdale s students in the late 1990s?A) They were made to study hard like prisoners.B) They called each other by unaffectionate nicknames.C) Most of them did not have any sense of discipline,D) Their school performance was getting worse.7. According to Jeff Gilbert, the advisory classes at Hillsdale were set up so that students could .A) tell their teachers what they did on weekendsB) experience a great deal of pleasure in learningC) maintain closer relationships with their teachersD) tackle the demanding biology and physics courses8. is still considered a strength of Newsweek s school ranking system in spite of the criticism it receives.9. According to the 38 superintendents, to rank schools scientifically, it is necessary to use .10. To better serve the children and our nation, schools students to take.Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension (35minutes)Section ADirections: in this section you will hear 8 short conversations, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A)、B)、C)and D)、and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖鸢缚?上作案。11. A) Trying to sketch a map C) Discussing a house plan.B) Painting the dining room. D) Cleaning the kitchen.12. A) She is tired of the food in the canteen.B) She often eats in a French restaurant.C) She usually takes a snack in the KFC.D) She in very fussy about what she eats.13. A) Listening to some loud music C) Talking loudly on the telephone.B) Preparing for as oral examination. D) Practicing for a speech contest.14. A) The man has left a good impression on her family.B) The man can dress casually for the occasion.C) The man should buy himself a new suit.D) The man s jeans and T-shirts are stylish.15. A)Grey pants made from pure cotton. C) 100% cotton pants in dark blue.B) Fashionable pants in bright colors. D) Something to match her brown pants.16. A) Its price. C) Its comfort.B) Its location D) Its facilities.17. A) Travel overseas. C) Take a photo.B) Look for a new job. D) Adopt a child.18. A)It is a routine offer. C)It is quite healthy.B) It is new on the menu. D)It is a good bargain.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you .19. A) Hosting an evening TV program. C) Lecturing on business management.B) Having her bicycle repaired. D) Conducting a market survey.20. A) He repaired bicycles. C) He worked as a salesman.B) He served as a consultant. D) He coached in a racing club.21. A) He wanted to be his own boss.B) He found it more profitableC) He didn t want to start from scratch.D) He didn t want to be in too much debt.22. A) They work five days a week. C) They are paid by the hour.B) They are all the man s friends. D) They all enjoy gambling.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) It has gradually given way to service industry.B) It remains a major part of industrial activity.C) It has a history as long as paper processing.D) It accounts for 80 percent of the region s GDP.24. A) Transport problems. C) Lack of resources.B) Shortage of funding. D) poor management.25.A) Competition from rival companies. C) Possible locations for a new factoryB) Product promotion campaigns. D) Measures to create job opportunities.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) They shared mutual friends in school.B) They had known each other since childhood.C) They shared many extracurricular activities.D) They had many interests in common.27. A) At a local club. B)At the sports center.B) At Joe s house. D)At the bearing school.28. A) Durable friendships can be very difficult to maintainB) One has to be respectful of other people in order to win respect.C) It is hard for people from different backgrounds to become friendsD) Social divisions will break down if people get to know each otherPassage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based as the passage you have just heart.29. A) Near the entrance of a park. C) At a parking meter.B) In his building s parking lot D)At a street corner.30.A)It had been taken by the police C) In had been stolen by someone.B) it had keen moved to the next block. D ) it had been parked at a wrong place31. A) At the Greenville center. C) In a neighboring town.B) At a public parking lot. D) In a the city garage.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) Famous creative individuals. C) A major scientific discovery.B) The mysteriousness of creativity. D) Creativity as shown in arts.33. A) It is something people all engage in. C) It starts soon after we are born.B) It helps people acquire knowledge. D) It is the source of all artistic work.34. A) Creative imagination. C) Natural curiosity.B) Logical reasoning D) Critical thinking.35. A) It is beyond ordinary people. C) It is part of everyday life.B) It is yet to be fully understood. D) It is a unique human trait.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks you can other use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your are words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。Students have been complaining more and more about stolen property. Radios, cell phones, bicycles, pocket(36) ,and books have all been reported stolen. Are there enough campus police to do the job?There are 20 officers in the Campus Security Division Their job is to(37) crime, accidents lost and found(38) ,and traffic problems on campus. More than half of their time is spent directing traffic and writing parking tickets.(39) promptly to accidents and other(40) is important, but it is their smallest job.Dealing with crime takes up the rest of their time. Very(41) do any violent crimes actually(42) .In the last five years there have been no(43) .seven robberies and about 60 other violent attacks, most of these involving fights at parties. On the other hand,(44),which usually involves breaking windows or lights or writing on walls. The thefts are not the carefully planned burglaries(入室盜竊)that you see in movies.(45)Do we really need more police? Hiring more campus police would cost money, possibly making our tuition go up again.(46)Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in depth)(25minntes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a ward bank Read the passage through carefully before making your choices Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each them on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage,One in six. Believe it or not, that s the number of Americans who struggle with hanger To make tomorrow a little better, Feeding Action Month. As part of its 30 Ways in 30 Days program, It s asking 48 across the country to help the more than 200 food banks and 61,000 agencies in its network provide low-income individuals and families with the fuel they need to 49 .It s the kind of work that s done every day at St. Andrew s Episcopal Church in San Antonio, People who 50 at its front door on the first and third Thursdays of each month aren t looking for God-they re there for something to eat, St. Andrew s runs a food pantry(食品堂)that 51 the city and several of the 52 towns. Janet Drane is its manager.In the wake of the 53 .the number of families in need of food assistance began to grow. It is 54 that 49 million Americans are unsure of where they will find their next meal What s most surprising is that 36% of them live in 55 where at least one adult is working. It used to be that one job was all you needed. says St. Andrew s Drane. The people we see now have three or four part-time jobs and they re still right on the edge 56 .注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。A) survive I)formallyB) surrounding J)financiallyC) serves K)domesticD) reviewed L)competitionE) reported M)communitiesF) recession N)circlingG) households O)accumulateH) gatherSection BDirections: there are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheer 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.In times of economic crisis. Americans turn to their families for support. If the Great Depression is any guide, we may see a drop in our skyhigh divorce rate. But this won t necessarily represent. an increase in happy marriages. In the long run, the Depression weakened American families, and the current crisis will probably do the same.We tend to think of the Depression as a time when families pulled together to survive huge job losses, By 1932. when nearly one-quarter of the workforce was unemployed, the divorce rate had declined by around 25% from 1929 But this doesn t mean people were suddenly happier with their marriages. Rather, with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs, unhappy couples often couldn t afford to divorce. They feared neither spouse could manage alone.Today, given the job losses of the past year, fewer unhappy couples will risk starting separate households, Furthermore, the housing market meltdown will make it more difficult for them to finance their separations by selling their homes.After financial disasters family members also tend to do whatever they can to help each other and their communities, A 1940 book. The Unemployed Man and His Family, described a family in which the husband initially reacted to losing his job with tireless search for work. He was always active, looking for odd jobs to do.The problem is that such an impulse is hard to sustain Across the country, many similar families were unable to maintain the initial boost in morale(士氣). For some, the hardships of life without steady work eventually overwhelmed their attempts to keep their families together. The divorce rate rose again during the rest of the decade as the recovery took hold.Millions of American families may now be in the initial stage of their responses to the current crisis, working together and supporting one another through the early months of unemployment.Today s economic crisis could well generate a similar number of couples whose relationships have been irreparably(無(wú)法彌補(bǔ)地)ruined. So it s only when the economy is healthy again that we ll begin to see just how many broken families have been created.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。57.In the initial stage, the current economic crisis is likely to __________.A) tear many troubled families apartB) contribute to enduring family tiesC) bring about a drop in the divorce rateD) cause a lot of conflicts in the family58. In the Great Depression many unhappy couples close to stick together becauseA) starting a new family would be hardB) they expected things would turn betterC) they wanted to better protect their kidsD) living separately would be too costly59 .In addition to job losses. What stands in the way of unhappy couples getting a divorce?A) Mounting family debtsB) A sense of insecurityC) Difficulty in getting a loanD) Falling housing prices60. What will the current economic crisis eventually do to some married couples?A) It will force them to pull their efforts togetherB) It will undermine their mutual understandingC) It will help strengthen their emotional bondsD) It will irreparably damage their relationship61. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A) The economic recovery will see a higher divorce rateB) Few couples can stand the test of economic hardshipsC) A stable family is the best protection against poverty.D) Money is the foundation of many a happy marriagePassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage:People are being lured (引誘)onto Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service without realizing they re paying for it by giving up toads of personal information. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages.Most Facebook users don t realize this is happening. Even if they know what the company is up to, they still have no idea what they re paying for Face book because people don t really know what their personal data is worth.The biggest problem, however, is that the company keeps changing the rules Early on you keep everything private. That was the great thing about facebook you could create own little private network. Last year. The company changed its privacy rules so that many things you city. Your photo, your friends names-were set, by default (默認(rèn))to be shared with every one on the Internet.According to Facebook s vice-president Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its service, and if people don t share information They have a less satisfying experience .Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. In original business model, which involved selling ads and putting then At the side of the pages totally Who wants to took at ads when they re online connecting with their friends?The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April. Senator Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commission to set guidelines for social-networking sites. I think the senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear about what the new products were and how people could choose to use them or not to use them, Schrage admits.I suspect that whatever Facebook has done so far to invade our privacy, it s only the beginning. Which is why I m considering deactivating(撤銷)my account. Facebook is a handy site, but I m upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I don t That s too high a price to pay.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。62. What do we learn about Facebook from the first paragraph?A) It is a website that sends messages to targeted users.B) It makes money by putting on advertisements.C) It profits by selling its users personal data.D) It provides loads of information to its users.63. What does the author say about most Facebook users?A) They are reluctant to give up their personal information.B) They don t know their personal data enriches Facebook.C) They don t identify themselves when using the website.D) They care very little about their personal information.64. Why does Facebook make changes to its rules according to Elliot Schrage?A) To render better service to its users.B) To conform to the Federal guidelines.C) To improve its users connectivity.D) To expand its scope of business.65. Why does Senator Charles Schumer advocate?A) Setting guidelines for advertising on websites.B) Banning the sharing of users personal information.C) Formulating regulations for social-networking sites.D) Removing ads from all social-networking sites.66. Why does the author plan to cancel his Facebook account?A) He is dissatisfied with its current service.B) He finds many of its users untrustworthy.C) He doesn t want his personal data abused.D) He is upset by its frequent rule changes.Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D)on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。Because conflict and disagreements are part of all close relationships, couples need to learn strategies for managing conflict in a healthy and constructive way. Some couples just 67 and deny the presence of any conflict in a relationship. 68 ,denying the existence of conflict results in couples 69 to solve their problems at early 70 ,which can then lead to even greater problems later 71 .Not surprisingly, expressing anger and disagreement leads to lower marital (婚姻的)satisfaction at the beginning. However, this pattern of behavior 72 increases in marital satisfaction over time. Research suggests that working 73 conflicts is an important predictor of marital satisfaction.So, what can you do to manage conflict in your own relationships? First, try to understand the other person s point of view 74 put yourself in his of her place. People who are 75 to what their partner thinks and feels 76 greater relationship satisfaction. For example, researchers found that among people in dating relationships 77 marriages, those who can adopt their partner s perspective show more positive 78 .more relationship-enhancing attributes and more constructive responses 79 conflict.Second, because conflict and disagreements are an 80 part of close relationships. People need to be able to apologize to their partner for wrongdoing and 81 forgiveness from their parents for their own acts. Apologies minimize conflict, lead to forgiveness, and serve to restore relationship closeness. In line 82 this view, spouses who are more forgiving show higher mental 83 over time. Increasingly, apologizing can even have 84 health benefits. For example, when people reflect on hurtful 85 and grudges(怨恨)，they show negative physiological(生理的) effects, including 86 heart rate and blood pressure, compared to when they reflect on sympathetic perspective-taking and forgiving.67.A)resolve B)regret C)abandon D)avoid68. A)Besides B)Therefore C)Moreover D)However69. A)trying B)declining C)failing D)striving70. A)ages B)years C)stages D)intervals71. A)on B)by C)off D)away72. A)prescribes B)protests C)proves D)predicts73. A)round B)amid C)among D)through74. A)so B)while C)but D)and75. A)sensitive B)superior C)exclusive D)efficient76. A)expose B)experience C)explore D)exploit77. A)as long as B)as far as C)as well as D)as soon as78. A)minds B)emotions C)psychology D)affection79. A)to B)against C)at D)toward80. A)absolute B)inevitable C)essential D)obvious81. A)require B)inquire C)receive D)achieve82. A)over B)with C)up D)of83. A)quality B)identity C)charity D)capability84. A)creative B)positive C)objective D)competitive85. A)prospects B)concepts C)memories D)outlooks86. A)added B)toughened C)strengthened D)increasedPart Vl Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答，只需寫(xiě)出譯文部分。87.Those flowers looked as if they_____________________(好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒(méi)有澆水了).88.Fred bought a car last week. It is______________________(比我的車便宜一千英鎊).89.This TV program is quite boning We might______________(不妨聽(tīng)聽(tīng)音樂(lè))90.He left his office in a hurry, with______________________(燈亮著，門(mén)開(kāi)著)91.The famous novel is said to __________________________(已經(jīng)被譯成多種語(yǔ)言).注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。2012年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題答案解析Part Ⅰ Writing (30minutes)參考作文:On Excessive PackagingNowadays the phenomena of excessive packaging of goods are prevailing in our society: clothes swathed in tissue paper, placed in cardboard box and finally wrapped in well-designed plastic bags, imported bottles of grape wine packed in wooden boxes, fruits put in hand-woven baskets, to name but a few。There are several causes of excessive packaging. The first reason is that a large number of companies believe that they can attract customers attention and stimulate their purchasing desire by over-packaging their goods, thus gaining more profits. On the other hand, quite a number of consumers mistakenly hold that the more delicate the package is, the better the quality will be, thus encouraging excessive packaging。In my point of view, excessive packaging has disastrous consequences, including the loss of precious resources, excessive consumption of water and energy, and unnecessary extraction of scarce land for landfill。To solve the problem, it s necessary to take the following measures. First, laws and regulations must be made to restrict excessive packaging of companies. In addition, we need to raise consumer s awareness that excessive packaging doesn t equal to high quality and advocate packaging recycling.本次作文的話題是 過(guò)度包裝 ，話題不斷新，考生應(yīng)該都比較熟悉。寫(xiě)好本篇作文的關(guān)鍵在于緊跟題目所列提綱：現(xiàn)象 原因 看法和建議，確定相應(yīng)的寫(xiě)作結(jié)構(gòu)。重點(diǎn)分析產(chǎn)生此現(xiàn)象的原因有哪些，把最重要的兩三點(diǎn)羅列下來(lái)。最后，根據(jù)分析出的原因提供相應(yīng)的建議。范文首段開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山，首先一句話總結(jié)如今社會(huì)上過(guò)度包裝現(xiàn)象盛行，而后舉出一些實(shí)例補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。第二段重點(diǎn)從公司和消費(fèi)者兩方面論述產(chǎn)生過(guò)度包裝的原因。公司方面是為了吸引顧客，刺激消費(fèi)，贏取更多的利潤(rùn)；消費(fèi)者方面是認(rèn)為包裝越精美，質(zhì)量越好這種錯(cuò)誤的消費(fèi)意識(shí)。接下來(lái)作者表明自己的看法，認(rèn)為過(guò)度包裝會(huì)導(dǎo)致很多問(wèn)題：稀缺資源的流失；水，能源的過(guò)度消耗以及產(chǎn)生不必要的垃圾場(chǎng)等。最后一段作者針對(duì)原因提出了一些解決方案。第一方面，建立法律規(guī)章制度來(lái)約束企業(yè)的過(guò)度包裝行為。第二方面，必須讓消費(fèi)者認(rèn)識(shí)到過(guò)度包裝不等同于高質(zhì)量，并提倡包裝物的回收利用。Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)1. D) providing good education for baby boomers。2. D) Students performance declined。3. D) They are mostly small in size。4. D) Some large schools have split up into smaller ones。5. C) their college-level test participation。6. B) Their school performance was getting worse。7. A) maintain closer relationships with their teachers。8. Simplicity9. different measures10. tough subjectsPart Ⅲ Listening Comprehension (35minutes)Section A聽(tīng)力原文及答案解析:M: As you can see from the drawings, the kitchen has one door into the dining room, another into the family room and a third to the outside。W: The door into the family room isn t big enough. Could it be made wider?Q: What are the speakers doing?M: I m thinking about where to go for a bite tonight. Any suggestions, Barbara?W: Well, how about the French restaurant near the KFC? Frankly, I ve had enough of our canteen food。Q: What do we learn about the woman?W: Hey, if you can t enjoy the music at a sensible volume, why not use earphones? I m preparing for the speech contest。M: Oh, sorry. I didn t realize I ve being bothering you all this time。Q: What is the man probably doing?M: Finally, I ve got the chance to put on my new suit tonight. I hope to make a good impression on your family。W: Come on! It s only a family reunion. So jeans and T-shirts are just fine.Q: What does the woman mean?M: Would you like to see those pants in brown and navy blue? These two colors are coming in this season。W: Oh, actually grey is my favourite color, but I prefer something made from cotton, 100% cotton I mean。Q: What is the woman looking for?W: From here, the mountains look as if you could just reach out and touch them。M: That s why I chose this lodge. It has one of the best views in Switzerland。Q: What is the man s chief consideration in choosing the lodge?M: What do I have to do to apply for a passport?W: You need proof of citizenship, either an old passport or a birth certificate and three photographs. Then you must complete this form and pay a fee。Q: What is the man most probably going to do?M: Miss, can I interest you in a pork special with serving tonight? It s only 799, half the usual price and it s very tasty。W: Oh really? I will try it。Q: What does the man say about the dish?Conversation 1W：Good evening, and welcome to this week s business world. The program for and about business people. Tonight we have Mr. Steven Kayne, who has just taken over and established bicycle shop. Tell us, Mr. Kayne, what made you want to run your own store?M: Well, I always loved racing bikes and fixing them. When I was working full-time as a salesman for a big company, I seldom had time to enjoy my hobby. I knew then that as soon as I had enough money to get my own business going, I ll do it. I had my heart set on it and I didn t let anything stand in my way. When I went down to the bank and got a business loan, I knew I d love being my own boss. Now my time is my own. I open the store when I want and leave when I want。W:You mean you don t keep regular hours?M: Well, the sign on my store says the hours are ten to six, but if business is slower than usual, I can just lock up and take off early。W: Had you hired any employees to work with you yet?M: Yeah, a couple of friends of mine who love biking as much as I do. They help me out a few days a week. It s great because we play cards or just sit around and talk when there are no customers.W: Thank you, Mr. Kayne. We wish you success in your new business。Q19.what is the woman doing?Q20.What did Mr. Kayne do before he took over the bicycle shop?Q21.Why did the man take over a bicycle shop?Q22. What do we learn about the people working in the shop?19. D) Conducting a market survey.20. A) He repaired bicycles.21. B) He found it more profitable22. A) They work five days a week.Conversation 2W: Well, the main activities in the region were historically steel and paper processing, I think。M: Yes, but I m not quite sure about the status of those industries now. Could you tell us something about that?W: Yes, of course. In fact, they are less significant, but steel-related manufacturing still accounts for 44% of industrial activity. So it s still very important. In fact, 80% of Spain s machine tools are from the Basque country. As for paper processing, there s still a little. But it s no longer what it once was in the region. So, is that clear?M: Yes, thanks。W: Now, to get back to what I was saying, there s a lot of unemployment as well as geographical problems in the region。M: Sorry, Victoria. What do you mean by geographical problems?W: Well, what I mean is the area is very hilly, mountainous in parts. So there used to be transport p roblems, now though there are new train links and better roads, but it may be that some smaller towns inland remain not very well connected, is that OK? Does that make sense? When we talk about specific location suggestions for the factory, we ll see this in more detail, so we ll come back to this question, OK?M: OK, right。W: So I was about to say something about the work force in the region and the level of training and education. In general, it s very good and improving。Question 23-25 are based on the conversation you have just heard。23. What does the woman say about the steel-related manufacturing in the region?24. What problems hinder the region s development?25. What will the speakers discuss later?23. B) It remains a major part of industrial activity.24. C) Lack of resources.25. C) Possible locations for a new factorySection BPassage oneI first met Joe Ganz when we were both nine years old, which is probably the only reason he s one of my best friends. If I had first met Joe as a freshman in high school we wouldn t even have had the chance to get to know each other. Joe is a day student, but I am a boarding student. We haven t been in same classes, sports or extra-curricular activities. Nonetheless, I spend nearly every weekend at his house and we talk on the phone every night. This is not to say that we would not have been compatible if we had first met in our freshman year. Rather, we would not have been likely to spend enough time getting to know each other due to the lack of immediately visible mutual interests. In fact, to be honest, I struggle even now to think of things we have in common.But maybe that s what makes us enjoy each other s company so much. When I look at my friendship with Joe, I wonder how many people I ve known whom I never disliked, but simply didn t take the time to get to know. Thanks to Joe, I have realized how little basis there is for the social divisions that exist in every community. Since this realization, I have begun to make an even more determined effort to find friends in unexpected people and places。26: Why does the speaker say Joe Ganz became one of his best friends?27: Where does the speaker spend most of his weekends?28: What has the speaker learned from his friendship with Joe?Q26: B. They had known each other since childhoodQ27: B. At Joe s houseQ28: A. Social divisions will break down if people get to know each other。Passage twoIt was a bad night for Lewis. His research in the neighboring town has taken longer than he expected. It was late and he was very tired when he drove home. He turned into his building s parking lot, but all the spaces were full. He drove back out onto the street, looking for a parking space. The first block was full. The next block was almost empty. Lewis didn t see a no parking sign, but he has expected that his parking were allowed there. Most the spaces would be filled. Then he saw a small parking lot with two free spaces. He was so glad to see them that he didn t even think to read the sign by the entrance. He drove in, parked and hurried home to go to bed. The next morning he went back to the lot to get his car. It was gone. He ran home and telephoned the city police to say that his car had been stolen. It took the police only a minute to tell him what had happened: his car had been on a private lot. It had been taken away by the police. Lewis had to take a taxi to visit the city garage far from the city center. He had to pay a fee of 40 dollars to get his car back. In addition, he got a parking ticket, his first one ever in Greenville。29: Where did Lewis intend to park his car when he came back from work one night?30: What did Lewis think had happened to his car the next morning?31: Where did Lewis finally get his car back?Q29: A. In his building s parking lotQ30: A. It had been stolen by someoneQ31: B. In the city garagePassage threeWell, to pick up where we left off last time, I believe we agreed that creativity is a mysterious idea. It was those things we all recognize when we see it, but we don t really understand what it is. We seem to feel that some people are naturally creative, but we don t know how they got that way. Is creativity a natural gift like good looks, or is it something that can be acquired like knowledge? Perhaps if we analyze the creative process carefully, we might get some insight into what it is and how it might work in our lives. The creative process has always been accepted as the source of all important work in the arts, but we should not think the creativity plays a role only in the arts. Every major scientific discovery began with someone imagining the world to look differently from the way others saw it. And this is what creativity is all about -- imagining the world in a new way. And despite what you may believe about the limits of your own creative imaginations, we all have the potential to imagine the world in an absolutely new way. In fact, you are born with it. It is your birth right as a human being. And what s more, you use it every day, almost every moment of your life. Your creative imagination is what you use to make sense of your experiences. You re your creative mind that gets meaning from chaos of experiences and brings order to your world。32. What did the speaker most probably discuss last time?33. What is the widely accepted idea about the creative process?34. What leads to major scientific discoveries according to the speaker?35. What does the speaker imply about the creative process?Q32: D. The mysteriousness of creativityQ33: A. It is the source of all artistic workQ34: D. Creative imaginationQ35: A. It is part of everyday lifeSection C復(fù)合式聽(tīng)寫(xiě)Students have been complaining more and more about stolen property. Radios, cell phones , bicycles, pocket (36) calculators, and books have all been reported stolen. Are there enough campus police to do the job? There are 20 officers in the campus security division. Their job is to (37) handle crime, accidents, lost and found (38) items, and traffic problems on campus. More than half of their time is spent directing traffic and writing parking tickets. (39) Responding promptly to accidents and other (40) emergencies is important, but it is their smallest job. Dealing with crime takes up the rest of their time. Very (41) rarely did any violent crimes actually (42) occur. In the last five years there have been no (43) murders, seven robberies, and about sixty other violent attacks, most of these involving fights at parties. On the other hand, (44) there have been hundreds of thefts and cases of deliberate damaging of public property, which usually involves breaking windows or lights, or writing on walls. The thefts are not the carefully planned burglaries that you see in movies. (45)Things get stolen when it is just easy to steal them because they are left lying around unwatched. Do we really need more police? Hiring more campus police would cost money, possibly making our tuition go up again.(46) A better way to solve this problem might be for all of us to be more careful with our things.36. calculators37. handle38. items39. Responding40. emergencies41. rarely42. occur43. murders44. there have been hundreds of thefts and cases of deliberate damaging of public property45. Things get stolen when it is easy to steal them because they are left lying around unwatched46. A better way to solve this problem might be for all of us to be more careful with our thingsPart Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in depth)(25minntes)Section A47. E. domestic48. C. communities49. O. survive50. H. gather51. M. serves52. N. surroundings53. J. recession54. K. reported55. I. households56. F. financiallySection BPassage One57. B. bring about a drop in the divorce rate58. C. living separately would be too costly59. D. Falling housing prices。60. C. It will irreparably damage their relationship。61. D. The economic recovery will see a higher divorce rate。Passage Two62. D) It profits by selling its user s personal data。63. C) They don t know their personal data enriches Facebook。64. C) To render better service to its users。65. B) Formulating regulations for social-networking sites。66. C) He doesn t want his personal data abused。Part V Cloze (15 minutes)67. C avoid68. B however69. D failing70. C stages71. A on72. A predicts73. A through74. B and75. B sensitive76. D experience77. B as well as78. C emotions79. D to80. A inevitable81. D receive82. A with83. D quality84. B positive85. A memories86. B increasedPart Vl Translation (5 minutes)87. Those flowers looked as if they hadn"t been watered for a long time(好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒(méi)有澆水了)。完成時(shí)。88. Fred bought a car last week. It is 1,000 cheaper than mine(比我的車便宜一千英鎊)。89. This TV program is quite boring. We might as well listen to the music (不妨聽(tīng)聽(tīng)音樂(lè))。90. He left his office in a hurry, with lights on and doors open(燈亮著，門(mén)開(kāi)著)。91.The famous novel is said to have been translated into multiple languages(已經(jīng)被譯成多種語(yǔ)言)。

解放軍文職招聘考試2014年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)真題試卷（第二套）-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊(duì)文職考試-紅師教育

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2017-06-18 18:57:522014年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)真題試卷（第二套）word版Part Ⅰ Writing (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following question .You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your campus, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?注意：此部分試題在答題卡1上_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part II Listening Comprehension (30minutes)Section AA)They came in five different colors.B)They were good value for money.C)They were a very good design.D)They were sold out very quickly.A)Ask her roommate not to speak loudly on the phone.B)Ask her roommate to make her phone calls outside.C)Go and find a quieter place to review her lessons.D)Report her problem to the dorm management.A)The washing machine is totally beyond repair.B)He will help Wendy prepare her annual report.C)Wendy should give priority to writing her report.D)The washing machine should be checked annually.A)The man fell down when removing the painting.B)The wall will be decorated with a new painting.C)The woman likes the painting on the wall.D)The painting is now being reframed.A)It must be missing.B)It was left in the room.C)The man took it to the market.D)She placed it on the dressing table.A)Go to a play.B)Meet Janet.C)Book some tickets.D)Have a get-together.A)One box of books is found missing.B)Some of the boxes arrived too late.C)C) Replacements have to be ordered.D)Some of the books are damaged.A) The man will pick up Professor Johnson at her office.B) The man did not expect his paper to be graded so soon.C) Professor Johnson has given the man a very high grade.D) Professor Johnson will talk to each student in her office.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A)To buy a present for his friend who is getting married.B)To find out the cost for a complete set of cookware.C)To see what he could ask his friends to buy for him.D)To make inquiries about the price of an electric cooker.A) To teach him how to use the kitchenware.B) To discuss cooking experiences with him.C) To tell him how to prepare delicious dishes.D) To recommend suitable kitchenware to him.A) There are so many different sorts of knives.B) Cooking devices are such practical presents.C) A mixer can save so much time in making cakes.D) Saucepans and frying pans arc a must in the kitchen.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A) Some now problems in her work.B) Cooperation with an international bank.C) Her chance for promotion in the bank.D) Her intention to leave her present job.A) The World Bank.B) Bank of Washington.C) A US finance corporation.D) An investment bank in New York.A) Supervising financial transactions.B) Taking charge of public relations.C) Making loans to private companies in developing countries.D) Offering service to international companies in the United States.A) It is a first major step to realizing the woman s dream.B) It is an honor for the woman and her present employer.C) It is a loss for her current company.D) It is really beyond his expectation.Section BPassage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.A) Carry out a thorough checkup.B) Try to keep the gas tank full.C) Keep extra gas in reserve.D) Fill up the water tank.A)Attempting to leave your car to seek help.B)Opening a window a hit to let in fresh air.C) Running the engine every now and then.D) Keeping the heater on for a long time.A) It exhausts you physically.B) It makes you fall asleep easily.C) It causes you to lose body heat.D) It consumes too much oxygen.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.A)They are very generous in giving gifts.B)They refuse gifts when doing business.C)They regard gifts as a token of friendship.D)They give gifts only on special occasions.A)They enjoy giving gifts to other people.B)They spend a lot of time choosing gifts.C)They have to follow many specific rules.D)They pay attention to the quality of gifts.A) Gift-giving plays an important role in human relationships.B) We must be aware of cultural differences in giving gilts.C) We must learn how to give gifts before going abroad.D) Reading extensively makes one a better gift-giver.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.A) It reflects American people s view of French politics.B) It is first published in Washington and then in Paris.C) It explains American politics to the French public.D) It is popular among French government officials.A) Work on her column.B) Do housework at home.C) Entertain her guests.D) Go shopping downtown.A) To report to her newspaper.B) To refresh her French.C) To visit her parents.D) To meet her friends.A) She might be recalled to France.B) She might change her profession.C) She might close her Monday column.D) She might be assigned to a new post.Section CAccording to American law, if someone is accused of a crime, he is considered ___26___ until the court proves the person is guilty.To arrest a person, the police have to be reasonably sure that a crime has been ___27___. The police must give the suspect the reasons why they arc arresting him and tell him his rights under the law. Then the police take the suspect to the police station, where the name of the person and the ___28___ against him arc formally listed.The next step is for the suspect to go before a judge. The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or ___29___. If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court ___30___ run away. he can go free. Otherwise, the suspect must put up bail（保釋金）. At this time, too, the judge will ___31___ a court lawyer to defend the suspect if he can t afford one.The suspect returns to court a week or two later. A lawyer from the district attorney s office presents a case against the suspect. The attorney may present ___32___ as well as witnesses. The judge then decides whether there is enough reason to ___33___.The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly. However, every step is ___34___ to protect the rights of the people. These individual rights are the ___35___ of the American government.Part III Reading Comprehension (40minntes)Section AQuestions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Global warming is a trend toward warmer conditions around the world. Part of the warming is natural; we have experienced a 20,000-year-long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice __36__ away. However, we have already reached temperatures that are in __37__ with other minimum-ice periods, so continued warming is likely not natural. We are __38__ to a predicted worldwide increase in temperatures __39__ between and 6*C over the next, 100 years. The warming will be more __40__ in some areas, less in others, and some places may even cool off. Likewise, the __41__ of this warming will be very different depending on where you are-coastal areas must worry about rising sea levels, while Siberia and northern Canada may become more habitable (宜居的) and __42__ for humans than these areas are now.The fact remains, however, that it will likely get warmer, on __43__ , everywhere. Scientists are in general agreement that the warmer conditions we have been experiencing are at least in part the result of a human-induced global warming trend. Some scientists __44__ that the changes we are seeing fall within the range of random (無(wú)規(guī)律的) variation-some years are cold, others warm, and we have just had an unremarkable string of warm years __45__ -but that is becoming an increasingly rare interpretation in the face of continued and increasing warm conditions.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。A) appealingB) averageC) contributingD) dramaticE) frequentlyF) impactG) lineH) maintain I) meltedJ) persistK) rangingL) recentlyM) resolvedN) sensibleO) shockSection BThe End of the Book?A) Amazon, by far the largest bookseller in the country, reported on May 19 that it is now selling more books in its electronic Kindle format than in the old paper-and-ink format. That is remarkable, considering that the Kindle has only been around for four years. E-books now account for 14 percent of all book sales in this country and are increasing far faster than overall book sales. E-book sales are up 146 percent over last year, while hardback sales increased 6 percent and paperbacks decreased 8 percent.B) Does this spell the doom of the physical book? Certainly not immediately, and perhaps not at all. What it does mean is that the book business will go through a transformation in the next decade or so more profound than any it has seen since Gutenberg introduced printing from moveable type in the 1450s.C) Physical books will surely become much rarer in the marketplace. Mass market paperbacks, which have been declining for years anyway, will probably disappear, as will hardbacks for mysteries, thrillers, romance fiction, etc. Such books, which only rarely end up in permanent collections, either private or public, will probably only be available as e-books within a few years. Hardback and trade paperbacks for serious nonfiction and fiction will surely last longer. Perhaps it will become the mark of an author to reckon with that he or she is still published in hard copy.D) As for children"s books, who knows? Children"s books are like dog food in that the purchasers are not the consumers, so the market (and the marketing) is inherently strange.E) For clues to the book"s future, let"s look at some examples of technological change and see what happened to the old technology.F) One technology replaces another only because the new technology is better, cheaper, or both. The greater the difference, the sooner and more thoroughly the new technology replaces the old. Printing with moveable type on paper dramatically reduced the cost of producing a book compared with the old-fashioned ones handwritten on vellum, which comes from sheepskin. A Bible-to be sure, a long book-required vellum made from 300 sheepskins and countless man-hours of labor. Before printing arrived, a Bible cost more than a middle-class house. There were perhaps 50,000 books in all of Europe in 1450. By 1500 there were 10 million.G) But while printing quickly caused the handwritten book to die out, handwriting lingered on (繼續(xù)存在) well into the 16th century. Very special books are still occasionally produced on vellum, but they are one-of-a-kind show pieces.H) Sometimes a new technology doesn"t drive the old one out, but only parts of it while forcing the rest to evolve. The movies were widely predicted to drive live theater out of the marketplace, but they didn"t, because theater turned out to have qualities movies could not reproduce. Equally, TV was supposed to replace movies but, again, did not.I) Movies did, however, fatally impact some parts of live theater. And while TV didn"t kill movies, it did kill second-rate pictures, shorts, and cartoons.J) Nor did TV kill radio. Comedy and drama shows ( Jack Benny, Amos and Andy, The Shadow ) all migrated to television. But because you can"t drive a car and watch television at the same time, rush hour became radio"s prime time, while music, talk, and news radio greatly enlarged their audiences. Radio is today a very different business than in the late 1940s and a much larger one.K) Sometimes old technology lingers for centuries because of its symbolic power. Mounted cavalry (騎兵) replaced the chariot (二輪戰(zhàn)車) on the battlefield around 1000 BC. But chariots maintained their place in parades and triumphs right up until the end of the Roman Empire 1,500 years later. The sword hasn"t had a military function for a hundred years, but is still part of an officer"s full- dress uniform, precisely because a sword always symbolized an officer and a gentleman.L) Sometimes new technology is a little cranky (不穩(wěn)定的) at first. Television repairman was a common occupation in the 1950s, for instance. And so the old technology remains as a backup. Steamships captured the North Atlantic passenger business from sail in the 1840s because of its much greater speed. But steamships didn"t lose their sails until the 1880s, because early marine engines had a nasty habit of breaking down. Until ships became large enough (and engines small enough) to mount two engines side by side, they needed to keep sails. (The high cost of steam and the lesser need for speed kept the majority of the world"s ocean freight moving by sail until the early years of the 20th century.)M) Then there is the fireplace. Central heating was present in every upper- and middle-class home by the second half of the 19th century. But functioning fireplaces remain to this day a powerful selling point in a house or apartment. I suspect the reason is a deep-rooted love of lire. Fire was one of the earliest major technological advances for humankind, providing heat, protection, and cooked food (which is much easier to eat and digest). Human control of fire goes back far enough (over a million years) that evolution could have produced a genetic leaning towards fire as a central aspect of human life.N) Books-especially books the average person could afford-haven"t been around long enough to produce evolutionary change in humans. But they have a powerful hold on many people nonetheless, a hold extending far beyond their literary content. At their best, they are works of art and there is a tactile (觸覺(jué)的) pleasure in books necessarily lost in e-book versions. The ability to quickly thumb through pages is also lost. And a room with books in it induces, at least in some, a feeling not dissimilar to that of a fire in the fireplace on a cold winter"s night.O) For these reasons I think physical books will have a longer existence as a commercial product than some currently predict. Like swords, books have symbolic power. Like fireplaces, they induce a sense of comfort and warmth. And, perhaps, similar to sails, they make a useful backup for when the lights go out.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。46. Authors still published in printed versions will be considered important ones.47. Some people are still in favor of printed books because of the sense of touch they can provide.48. The radio business has changed greatly and now attracts more listeners.49. Contrary to many people"s prediction of its death, the film industry survived.50. Remarkable changes have taken place in the book business.51. Old technology sometimes continues to exist because of its reliability.52. The increase of e-book sales will force the book business to make changes not seen for centuries.53. A new technology is unlikely to take the place of an old one without a clear advantage.54. Paperbacks of popular literature are more likely to be replaced by e-books.55. A house with a fireplace has a stronger appeal to buyers.Section CPassage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isn"t an either/or proposition (命題) , although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM (science, technology, engineering, maths ) related fields can make it seem that way.The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training, but also asserts that the study of the humanities (人文學(xué)科) and social sciences must remain central components of America"s educational system at all levels. Both areas are critical to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society, become innovative (創(chuàng)新) leaders, and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates" job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs. Under these circumstances, it"s natural to look for what may appear to be the most practical way out of the problem: Major in a subject designed to get you a job seems the obvious answer to some, though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as soft often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run. Indeed, according to surveys, employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well, think critically, research creatively, and communicate easily.Moreover, students should be prepared not just for their first job, but for their 4th and 5th jobs, as there"s little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers. The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible. The ability to draw upon every available tool and insight-picked up from science, arts, and technology-to solve the problems of the future, and take advantage of the opportunities that present themselves, will be helpful to them and the United States.56. What does the latest congressional report suggest?A) STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society.B) The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance.C) The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students" spiritual life.D) Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society.57. What is the main concern of students when they choose a major?A) Their interest in relevant subjects.B) The academic value of the courses.C) The quality of education to receive.D) Their chances of getting a good job.58. What does the author say about the so-called soft, subjects?A) They benefit students in their future life.B) They broaden students" range of interests.C) They improve students" communication skills.D) They are essential to students" healthy growth.59. What kind of job applicants do employers look for?A) Those who have a strong sense of responsibility.B) Those who are good at solving practical problems.C) Those who are likely to become innovative leaders.D) Those who have received a well-rounded education.60. What advice does the author give to college students?A) Seize opportunities to tap their potential.B) Try to take a variety of practical courses.C) Prepare themselves for different job options.D) Adopt a flexible approach to solving problems.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Energy independence. It has a nice ring to it, doesn"t it? If you think so, you"re not alone, because energy independence has been the dream of American presidents for decades, and never more so than in the past few years, when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off the great recession.Energy independence and its rhetorical (修辭的) companion energy security are, however, slippery concepts that are rarely thought through. What is it we want independence from, exactly?Most people would probably say that they want to be independent from imported oil. But there are reasons that we buy all that oil from elsewhere.The first reason is that we need it to keep our economy running. Yes, there is a trickle (涓涓細(xì)流) of biofuel (生物燃料) available, and more may become available, but most biofuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction.Second, Americans have basically decided that they don"t really want to produce all their own oil. They value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad. Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental protection. To what extent are Americans really willing to endure the environmental impacts of domestic energy production in order to cut back imports?Third, there are benefits to trade. It allows for economic efficiency, and when we buy things from places that have lower production costs than we do, we benefit. And although you don"t read about this much, the United States is also a large exporter of oil products, selling about 2 million barrels of petroleum products per day to about 90 countries.There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and, in fact, relies on that steady flow to maintain its economy. When that flow is interrupted, we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices. At the same time, we derive massive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。61. What does the author say about energy independence for America?A) It sounds very attractive.B) It ensures national security.C) It will bring oil prices down.D) It has long been everyone"s dream.62. What does the author think of biofuels?A) They keep America"s economy running healthily.B) They prove to be a good alternative to petroleum.C) They do not provide a sustainable energy supply.D) They cause serious damage to the environment.63. Why does America rely heavily on oil imports?A) It wants to expand its storage of crude oil.B) Its own oil reserves are quickly running out.C) It wants to keep its own environment intact.D) Its own oil production falls short of demand.64. What does the author say about oil trade?A) It proves profitable to both sides.B) It improves economic efficiency.C) It makes for economic prosperity.D) It saves the cost of oil exploration.65. What is the author"s purpose in writing the passage?A) To justify America"s dependence on oil imports.B) To arouse Americans" awareness of the energy crisis.C) To stress the importance of energy conservation.D) To explain the increase of international oil trade.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English．中國(guó)教育工作者早就認(rèn)識(shí)到讀書(shū)對(duì)于國(guó)家的重要意義。有些教育工作者2003年就建議設(shè)立全民讀書(shū)日。他們強(qiáng)調(diào)，人們應(yīng)當(dāng)讀好書(shū)，尤其是經(jīng)典著作。通過(guò)閱讀，人們能更好地學(xué)會(huì)感恩、有責(zé)任心和與人合作，而教育的目的正是要培養(yǎng)這些基本素質(zhì)。閱讀對(duì)干中小學(xué)生尤為重要，假如他們沒(méi)有在這個(gè)關(guān)鍵時(shí)期培養(yǎng)閱讀的興趣，以后要養(yǎng)成閱讀的習(xí)慣就很難了。注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。Culture SquareI am excited to hear that you are coming to visit my campus and cannot wait to express my welcome. Hereby I"d like to recommend to you the culture square on the campus, which is of great interest and enjoyment to give it a try.The culture square is the heaven for students where you can see colorful activities organized to add extra pleasure to students" monotonous routine. Besides, you are always free to engage yourself in any of these activities that fascinate you. I am quite confident that you"ll find it beneficial to communicate and interact with other students, Moreover, as a major part of the campus culture, the culture square offers whoever wants to get an insight into the campus an opportunity to know better the campus culture.In a word, the culture square, a world full of vigor and vitality, a window through which you can get a big picture of the campus, is definitely a place worth visiting. I"m sure you"ll have fun. Look forward to seeing you soon in the culture square.1-8：BACDBADB 9-11：CDA12-15：DACB 16-18：BAC 19-21：DCB 22-25：CABD26. innocent27. committed28. charges29. released30. rather than31. appoint32. evidence33. hold a trial34. designed35. foundation36-45：IGCKD FABHL46-55：CNJHA LBFCM56-65：BDADC ADCBATranslationChinese educators have long known that, reading is of great importance to a nation. Some of them even proposed to establish the National Reading Day in 2003. They emphasized that people should read good books, especially the classic ones. By reading, people can better learn to be grateful, responsible and cooperative, the very basic qualities education intends to foster. Reading is especially important for students in the primary school and middle school; if the interest of reading is not fostered at that critical period, it will be quite difficult to cultivate the habit of reading later.

解放軍文職招聘考試2010年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試真題-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊(duì)文職考試-紅師教育

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2017-06-10 21:30:152010年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試真題Part I Writing (30 minutes)Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled My Views on University Ranking. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1. 目前高校排名相當(dāng)盛行;2. 對(duì)于這種做法人們看法不一;3. 在我看來(lái)My Views on University RankingPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Into the UnknownThe world has never seen population ageing before. Can it cope?Until the early 1990s nobody much thought about whole populations getting older. The UN had the foresight to convene a world assembly on ageing back in 1982, but that came and went. By 1994 the World Bank had noticed that something big was happening. In a report entitled Averting the Old Age Crisis , it argued that pension arrangements in most countries were unsustainable.For the next ten years a succession of books, mainly by Americans, sounded the alarm. They had titles like Young vs Old, Gray Dawn and The Coming Generational Storm, and their message was blunt: health-care systems were heading for the rocks, pensioners were taking young people to the cleaners, and soon there would be intergenerational warfare.Since then the debate has become less emotional, not least because a lot more is known about the subject. Books, conferences and research papers have multiplied. International organisations such as the OECD and the EU issue regular reports. Population ageing is on every agenda, from G8 economic conferences to NATO summits. The World Economic Forum plans to consider the future of pensions and health care at its prestigious Davos conference early next year. The media, including this newspaper, are giving the subject extensive coverage.Whether all that attention has translated into sufficient action is another question. Governments in rich countries now accept that their pension and health-care promises will soon become unaffordable, and many of them have embarked on reforms, but so far only timidly. That is not surprising: politicians with an eye on the next election will hardly rush to introduce unpopular measures that may not bear fruit for years, perhaps decades.The outline of the changes needed is clear. To avoid fiscal (財(cái)政) meltdown, public pensions and health-care provision will have to be reined back severely and taxes may have to go up. By far the most effective method to restrain pension spending is to give people the opportunity to work longer, because it increases tax revenues and reduces spending on pensions at the same time. It may even keep them alive longer. John Rother, the AARP s head of policy and strategy, points to studies showing that other things being equal, people who remain at work have lower death rates than their retired peers.Younger people today mostly accept that they will have to work for longer and that their pensions will be less generous. Employers still need to be persuaded that older workers are worth holding on to. That may be because they have had plenty of younger ones to choose from, partly thanks to the post-war baby-boom and partly because over the past few decades many more women have entered the labour force, increasing employers choice. But the reservoir of women able and willing to take up paid work is running low, and the baby-boomers are going grey.In many countries immigrants have been filling such gaps in the labour force as have already emerged (and remember that the real shortage is still around ten years off). Immigration in the developed world is the highest it has ever been, and it is making a useful difference. In still-fertile America it currently accounts for about 40% of total population growth, and in fast-ageing western Europe for about 90%.On the face of it, it seems the perfect solution. Many developing countries have lots of young people in need of jobs; many rich countries need helping hands that will boost tax revenues and keep up economic growth. But over the next few decades labour forces in rich countries are set to shrink so much that inflows of immigrants would have to increase enormously to compensate: to at least twice their current size in western Europe s most youthful countries, and three times in the older ones. Japan would need a large multiple of the few immigrants it has at present. Public opinion polls show that people in most rich countries already think that immigration is too high. Further big increases would be politically unfeasible.To tackle the problem of ageing populations at its root, old countries would have to rejuvenate (使年輕) themselves by having more of their own children. A number of them have tried, some more successfully than others. But it is not a simple matter of offering financial incentives or providing more child care. Modern urban life in rich countries is not well adapted to large families. Women find it hard to combine family and career. They often compromise by having just one child.And if fertility in ageing countries does not pick up? It will not be the end of the world, at least not for quite a while yet, but the world will slowly become a different place. Older societies may be less innovative and more strongly disinclined to take risks than younger ones. By 2025 at the latest, about half the voters in America and most of those in western European countries will be over 50 and older people turn out to vote in much greater number than younger ones. Academic studies have found no evidence so far that older voters have used their power at the ballot box to push for policies that specifically benefit them, though if in future there are many more of them they might start doing so.Nor is there any sign of the intergenerational warfare predicted in the 1990s. After all, older people themselves mostly have families. In a recent study of parents and grown-up children in 11 European countries, Karsten Hank of Mannheim University found that 85% of them lived within 25km of each other and the majority of them were in touch at least once a week.Even so, the shift in the centre of gravity to older age groups is bound to have a profound effect on societies, not just economically and politically but in all sorts of other ways too. Richard Jackson and Neil Howe of America s CSIS, in a thoughtful book called The Graying of the Great Powers, argue that, among other things, the ageing of the developed countries will have a number of serious security implications.For example, the shortage of young adults is likely to make countries more reluctant to commit the few they have to military service. In the decades to 2050, America will find itself playing an ever-increasing role in the developed world s defence effort. Because America s population will still be growing when that of most other developed countries is shrinking, America will be the only developed country that still matters geopolitically (地緣政治上).Ask me in 2020There is little that can be done to stop population ageing, so the world will have to live with it. But some of the consequences can be alleviated. Many experts now believe that given the right policies, the effects, though grave, need not be catastrophic. Most countries have recognised the need to do something and are beginning to act.But even then there is no guarantee that their efforts will work. What is happening now is historically unprecedented. Ronald Lee, director of the Centre on the Economics and Demography of Ageing at the University of California, Berkeley, puts it briefly and clearly: We don t really know what population ageing will be like, because nobody has done it yet.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。1. In its 1994 report, the World Bank argued that the current pension system in most countries could ______.[A] not be sustained in the long term[B] further accelerate the ageing process[C] hardly halt the growth of population[D] help tide over the current ageing crisis2. What message is conveyed in books like Young vs Old?[A] The generation gap is bound to narrow.[B] Intergenerational conflicts will intensify.[C] The younger generation will beat the old.[D] Old people should give way to the young.3. One reason why pension and health care reforms are slow in coming is that ______.[A] nobody is willing to sacrifice their own interests to tackle the problem[B] most people are against measures that will not bear fruit immediately[C] the proposed reforms will affect too many people s interests[D] politicians are afraid of losing votes in the next election4. The author believes the most effective method to solve the pension crisis is to ______.[A] allow people to work longer [C] cut back on health care provisions[B] increase tax revenues [D] start reforms right away5. The reason why employers are unwilling to keep older workers is that ______.[A] they are generally difficult to manage[B] the longer they work, the higher their pension[C] their pay is higher than that of younger ones[D] younger workers are readily available6. To compensate for the fast-shrinking labour force, Japan would need ______.[A] to revise its current population control policy[B] large numbers of immigrants from overseas[C] to automate its manufacturing and service industries[D] a politically feasible policy concerning population7. Why do many women in rich countries compromise by having only one child?[A] Small families are becoming more fashionable.[B] They find it hard to balance career and family.[C] It is too expensive to support a large family.[D] Child care is too big a problem for them.8. Compared with younger ones, older societies are less inclined to ______________________________.9. The predicted intergenerational warfare is unlikely because most of the older people themselves _________________________.10. Countries that have a shortage of young adults will be less willing to commit them to ____________________________. Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意： 此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。11. [A] The man is the manager of the apartment building.[B] The woman is very good at bargaining.[C] The woman will get the apartment refurnished.[D] The man is looking for an apartment.12. [A] How the pictures will turn out. [C] What the man thinks of the shots.[B] Where the botanical garden is. [D] Why the pictures are not ready.13. [A] There is no replacement for the handle.[B] There is no match for the suitcase.[C] The suitcase is not worth fixing.[D] The suitcase can be fixed in time.14. [A] He needs a vehicle to be used in harsh weather.[B] He has a fairly large collection of quality trucks.[C] He has had his truck adapted for cold temperatures.[D] He does routine truck maintenance for the woman.15. [A] She cannot stand her boss s bad temper.[B] She has often been criticized by her boss.[C] She has made up her mind to resign.[D] She never regrets any decisions she makes.16. [A] Look for a shirt of a more suitable color and size.[B] Replace the shirt with one of some other material.[C] Visit a different store for a silk or cotton shirt.[D] Get a discount on the shirt she is going to buy.17. [A] At a Lost and Found . [C] At a trade fair.[B] At a reception desk. [D] At an exhibition.18. [A] Repair it and move in. [C] Convert it into a hotel.[B] Pass it on to his grandson. [D] Sell it for a good price.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. [A] Unique descriptive skills. [C] Colourful world experiences.[B] Good knowledge of readers tastes. [D] Careful plotting and clueing.20. [A] A peaceful setting. [C] To be in the right mood.[B] A spacious room. [D] To be entirely alone.21. [A] They rely heavily on their own imagination.[B] They have experiences similar to the characters .[C] They look at the world in a detached manner.[D] They are overwhelmed by their own prejudices.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. [A] Good or bad, they are there to stay.[B] Like it or not, you have to use them.[C] Believe it or not, they have survived.[D] Gain or lose, they should be modernised.23. [A] The frequent train delays. [C]The food sold on the trains.[B] The high train ticket fares. [D] The monopoly of British Railways.24. [A] The low efficiency of their operation.[B] Competition from other modes of transport.[C] Constant complaints from passengers.[D] The passing of the new transport act.25. [A] They will be de-nationalised. [C] They are fast disappearing.[B] They provide worse service. [D] They lose a lot of money.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意： 此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. [A] The whole Antarctic region will be submerged.[B] Some polar animals will soon become extinct.[C] Many coastal cities will be covered with water.[D] The earth will experience extreme weathers.27. [A] How humans are to cope with global warming.[B] How unstable the West Antarctic ice sheet is.[C] How vulnerable the coastal cities are.[D] How polar ice impacts global weather.28. [A] It collapsed at least once in the past 1.3 million years.[B] It sits firmly on solid rock at the bottom of the ocean.[C] It melted at temperatures a bit higher than those of today.[D] It will have little impact on sea level when it breaks up.29. [A] The West Antarctic region was once an open ocean.[B] The West Antarctic ice sheet was about 7,000 feet thick.[C] The West Antarctic ice sheet was once floating ice.[D] The West Antarctic region used to be warmer than today.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. [A] Whether we can develop social ties on the Internet.[B] Whether a deleted photo is immediately removed from the web.[C] Whether our blogs can be renewed daily.[D] Whether we can set up our own websites.31. [A] The number of visits they receive. [C] The files they have collected.[B] The way they store data. [D] The means they use to get information.32. [A] When the system is down. [C] When the URL is reused.[B] When new links are set up. [D] When the server is restarted.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. [A] Some iced coffees have as many calories as a hot dinner.[B] Iced coffees sold by some popular chains are contaminated.[C] Drinking coffee after a meal is more likely to cause obesity.[D] Some brand-name coffees contain harmful substances.34. [A] Have some fresh fruit. [C] Take a hot shower.[B] Exercise at the gym. [D] Eat a hot dinner.35. [A] They could enjoy a happier family life.[B] They could greatly improve their work efficiency.[C] Many cancer cases could be prevented.[D] Many embarrassing situations could be avoided.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.注意：此部分試題在答題卡2上作答。Psychologists are finding that hope plays a surprisingly vital role in giving people a measurable advantage in realms as (36) _____________ as academic achievement, bearing up in tough jobs and coping with (37) ______________ illness. And, by contrast, the loss of hope is turning out to be a stronger sign that a person may (38) ______________ suicide than other factors long thought to be more likely risks.Hope has proven a powerful predictor of (39) ______________ in every study we ve done so far, said Dr. Charles R. Snyder, a psychologist who has devised a (40) ______________ to assess how much hope a person has.For example, in research with 3,920 college students, Dr. Snyder and his (41) ______________ found that the level of hope among freshmen at the beginning of their first semester was a more (42) ______________ predictor of their college grades than were their S.A.T. scores or their grade point (43) ______________ in high school, the two measures most commonly used to predict college performance.(44) ___________________________________________________________________________________________, Dr. Snyder said. When you compare students of equivalent intelligence and past academic achievements, what sets them apart is hope.In devising a way to assess hope scientifically, Dr. Snyder (45)_______________________________________________________. That notion is not concrete enough, and it blurs two key components of hope, Dr. Snyder said. (46) _____________________________________________________________________.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.Most young boys are trained to believe that men should be strong, tough, cool, and detached. Thus, they learn early to hide vulnerable emotions such as love, joy, and sadness because they believe that such feelings are feminine and imply weakness. Over time, some men become strangers to their own emotional lives. It seems that men with traditional views of masculinity are more likely to suppress outward emotions and to fear emotions, supposedly because such feelings may lead to a loss of composure (鎮(zhèn)定). Keep in mind, however, that this view is challenged by some researchers. As with many gender gaps, differences in emotionality tend to be small, inconsistent, and dependent on the situation. For instance, Robertson and colleagues found that males who were more traditionally masculine were more emotionally expressive in a structured exercise than when they were simply asked to talk about their emotions.Males difficulty with tender emotions has serious consequences. First, suppressed emotions can contribute to stress-related disorders. And worse, men are less likely than women to seek help from health professionals. Second, men s emotional inexpressiveness can cause problems in their relationships with partners and children. For example, men who endorse traditional masculine norms report lower relationship satisfaction, as do their female partners. Further, children whose fathers are warm, loving, and accepting toward them have higher self-esteem and lower rates of aggression and behavior problems. On a positive note, fathers are increasingly involving themselves with their children. And 30 percent of fathers report that they take equal or greater responsibility for their children than their working wives do.One emotion males are allowed to express is anger. Sometimes this anger translates into physical aggression or violence. Men commit nearly 90 percent of violent crimes in the United States and almost all sexual assaults.注意： 此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。47. Most young boys have been trained to believe that men who show tender feelings are considered to be ______________.48. Some men believe that if they expressed their emotions openly they might ______________.49. According to the author, men who suppress their emotions may develop ______________.50. Men who observe traditional masculine norms are said to derive less satisfaction from ______________.51. When males get angry, they can become ______________ or even commit violence.Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.In the early 20th century, few things were more appealing than the promise of scientific knowledge. In a world struggling with rapid industrialization, science and technology seemed to offer solutions to almost every problem. Newly created state colleges and universities devoted themselves almost entirely to scientific, technological, and engineering fields. Many Americans came to believe that scientific certainty could not only solve scientific problems, but also reform politics, government, and business. Two world wars and a Great Depression rocked the confidence of many people that scientific expertise alone could create a prosperous and ordered world. After World War Ⅱ, the academic world turned with new enthusiasm to humanistic studies, which seemed to many scholars the best way to ensure the survival of democracy. American scholars fanned out across much of the world with support from the Ford Foundation, the Fulbright program, etc. to promote the teaching of literature and the arts in an effort to make the case for democratic freedoms.In the America of our own time, the great educational challenge has become an effort to strengthen the teaching of what is now known as the STEM disciplines (science, technology, engineering, and math). There is considerable and justified concern that the United States is falling behind much of the rest of the developed world in these essential disciplines. India, China, Japan, and other regions seem to be seizing technological leadership.At the same time, perhaps inevitably, the humanities while still popular in elite colleges and universities have experienced a significant decline. Humanistic disciplines are seriously underfunded, not just by the government and the foundations but by academic institutions themselves. Humanists are usually among the lowest-paid faculty members at most institutions and are often lightly regarded because they do not generate grant income and because they provide no obvious credentials (資質(zhì)) for most nonacademic careers.Undoubtedly American education should train more scientists and engineers. Much of the concern among politicians about the state of American universities today is focused on the absence of real world education which means preparation for professional and scientific careers. But the idea that institutions or their students must decide between humanities and science is false. Our society could not survive without scientific and technological knowledge. But we would be equally impoverished (貧困的) without humanistic knowledge as well. Science and technology teach us what we can do. Humanistic thinking helps us understand what we should do.It is almost impossible to imagine our society without thinking of the extraordinary achievements of scientists and engineers in building our complicated world. But try to imagine our world as well without the remarkable works that have defined our culture and values. We have always needed, and we still need, both.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。52. In the early 20th century Americans believed science and technology could _______.[A] solve virtually all existing problems [C] help raise people s living standards[B] quicken the pace of industrialization [D] promote the nation s social progress53. Why did many American scholars become enthusiastic about humanistic studies after World WarⅡ?[A] They wanted to improve their own status within the current education system.[B] They believed the stability of a society depended heavily on humanistic studies.[C] They could get financial support from various foundations for humanistic studies.[D] They realized science and technology alone were no guarantee for a better world.54. Why are American scholars worried about education today?[A] The STEM subjects are too challenging for students to learn.[B] Some Asian countries have overtaken America in basic sciences.[C] America is lagging behind in the STEM disciplines.[D] There are not enough scholars in humanistic studies.55. What accounts for the significant decline in humanistic studies today?[A] Insufficient funding. [C] Shortage of devoted faculty.[B] Shrinking enrollment. [D] Dim prospects for graduates.56. Why does the author attach so much importance to humanistic studies?[A] They promote the development of science and technology.[B] They help prepare students for their professional careers.[C] Humanistic thinking helps define our culture and values.[D] Humanistic thinking helps cultivate students creativity.Passage TwoQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Will there ever be another Einstein? This is the undercurrent of conversation at Einstein memorial meetings throughout the year. A new Einstein will emerge, scientists say. But it may take a long time. After all, more than 200 years separated Einstein from his nearest rival, Isaac Newton.Many physicists say the next Einstein hasn t been born yet, or is a baby now. That s because the quest for a unified theory that would account for all the forces of nature has pushed current mathematics to its limits. New math must be created before the problem can be solved.But researchers say there are many other factors working against another Einstein emerging anytime soon.For one thing, physics is a much different field today. In Einstein s day, there were only a few thousand physicists worldwide, and the theoreticians who could intellectually rival Einstein probably would fit into a streetcar with seats to spare.Education is different, too. One crucial aspect of Einstein s training that is overlooked is the years of philosophy he read as a teenager Kant, Schopenhauer and Spinoza, among others. It taught him how to think independently and abstractly about space and time, and it wasn t long before he became a philosopher himself.The independence created by philosophical insight is in my opinion the mark of distinction between a mere artisan (工匠) or specialist and a real seeker after truth, Einstein wrote in 1944.And he was an accomplished musician. The interplay between music and math is well known. Einstein would furiously play his violin as a way to think through a knotty physics problem.Today, universities have produced millions of physicists. There aren t many jobs in science for them, so they go to Wall Street and Silicon Valley to apply their analytical skills to more practical and rewarding efforts.Maybe there is an Einstein out there today, said Columbia University physicist Brian Greene, but it would be a lot harder for him to be heard.Especially considering what Einstein was proposing.The actual fabric of space and time curving? My God, what an idea! Greene said at a recent gathering at the Aspen Institute. It takes a certain type of person who will bang his head against the wall because you believe you ll find the solution.Perhaps the best examples are the five scientific papers Einstein wrote in his miracle year of 1905. These thought experiments were pages of calculations signed and submitted to the prestigious journal Annalen der Physik by a virtual unknown. There were no footnotes or citations.What might happen to such a submission today?We all get papers like those in the mail, Greene said. We put them in the junk file.注意： 此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。57. What do scientists seem to agree upon, judging from the first two paragraphs?[A] Einstein pushed mathematics almost to its limits.[B] It will take another Einstein to build a unified theory.[C] No physicist is likely to surpass Einstein in the next 200 years.[D] It will be some time before a new Einstein emerges.58. What was critical to Einstein s success?[A] His talent as an accomplished musician.[B] His independent and abstract thinking.[C] His untiring effort to fulfill his potential.[D] His solid foundation in math theory.59. What does the author tell us about physicists today?[A] They tend to neglect training in analytical skills.[B] They are very good at solving practical problems.[C] They attach great importance to publishing academic papers.[D] They often go into fields yielding greater financial benefits.60. What does Brian Greene imply by saying ... it would be a lot harder for him to be heard (Lines 1-2, Para. 9)?[A] People have to compete in order to get their papers published.[B] It is hard for a scientist to have his papers published today.[C] Papers like Einstein s would unlikely get published today.[D] Nobody will read papers on apparently ridiculous theories.61. When he submitted his papers in 1905, Einstein _______.[A] forgot to make footnotes and citations[B] was little known in academic circles[C] was known as a young genius in math calculations[D] knew nothing about the format of academic papersPart V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。America s most popular newspaper website today announced that the era of free online journalism is drawing to a close. The New York Times has become the biggest publisher yet to 62 plans for a paywall around its digital offering, 63 the accepted practice that internet users will not pay for news.Struggling 64 an evaporation of advertising and a downward drift in street corner sales, The New York Times 65 to introduce a metered model at the beginning of 2011. Readers will be required to pay when they have 66 a set number of its online articles per month.The decision puts the 159-year-old newspaper 67 the charging side of an increasingly wide chasm (鴻溝) in the media industry. But others, including the Guardian, have said they will not 68 internet readers, and certain papers, 69 London s Evening Standard, have gone further in abandoning readership revenue by making their print editions 70 .The New York Times s publisher, Arthur Sulzberger, 71 that the move is a gamble: This is a 72 , to a certain degree, in where we think the web is going.Boasting a print 73 of 995,000 on weekdays and 1.4 million on Sundays, The New York Times is the third bestselling American newspaper, 74 the Wall Street Journal and USA Today. 75 most US papers focus on a single city, The New York Times is among the few that can 76 national scope as well as 16 bureaus in the New York area, it has 11 offices around the US and 77 26 bureaus elsewhere in the world.But 78 many in the publishing industry, the paper is in the grip of a 79 financial crisis. Its parent company, the New York Times Company, has 15 papers, but 80 a loss of $70 million in the nine months to September and recently accepted a $250 million 81 from a Mexican billionaire, Carlos Slim, to strengthen its balance sheet.62. [A] set in [C] carry over[B] set out [D] carry away63. [A] abusing [C] developing[B] deducting [D] abandoning64. [A] with [C] along[B] beside [D] by65. [A] engages [C] deliberates[B] intends [D] signifies66. [A] exceeded [C] assumed[B] multiplied [D] revealed67. [A] on [C] over[B] of [D] up68. [A] cost [C] expend[B] consume [D] charge69. [A] as for [C] such as[B] far from [D] by far70. [A] reliable [C] applicable[B] free [D] easy71. [A] resisted [C] acknowledged[B] certified [D] appealed72. [A] net [C] bet[B] kit [D] pit73. [A] evaluation [C] circulation[B] expansion [D] dimension74. [A] behind [C] before[B] against [D] within75. [A] If [C] Hence[B] While [D] Because76. [A] ascend [C] lengthen[B] announce [D] claim77. [A] contributes [C] maintains[B] disposes [D] encounters78. [A] like [C] from[B] beyond [D] through79. [A] heavy [C] rough[B] crude [D] serious80. [A] targeted [C] suffered[B] suspended [D] tolerated81. [A] asset [C] account[B] bill [D] loan大的美女編輯們Part VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.注意： 此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答，只需寫(xiě)出譯文部分。82. There is no denying that you __________________________________ (越仔細(xì)越好) in dealing with this matter.83. Only when I reached my thirties _____________________________(我才意識(shí)到讀書(shū)是不能被忽視的).84. Much _________________________________(使研究人員感到驚訝), the outcome of the experiment was far better than they had expected.85. Oh, my, I can t find my key; ______________________________(我一定是把它忘在哪兒了).86. I ____________________________________________ (寧愿加入你們?nèi)プ隽x工) than go to the beach for a holiday.試題答案：Part ⅠWritingMy View on University RankingIn recent years, all kinds of University Ranking Lists can be found on some educational websites, or newspapers. The ranking standards also vary. These lists have great influence on students. They are even becoming the only scale to evaluate the colleges and universities.People hold different views toward this phenomenon. Some believe that these lists help the students a lot, especially for those who will choose their university. While some other protest vigorously. In their points, the list is really ridiculous and harmful. In my view, the university ranking may have its own reference values, but its disadvantages overweigh its values.For those university-students-to-be, they are supposed to choose the school according to his or her own situation, but not the so-called Ranking List. What s more, how about the university students? How do they feel about themselves when they see the ranking? The list may become some intangible shackles for them if their own school ranks poorly.In a nutshell, there is no easy method to rank these universities, but the Ranking, only helps students ignore the essentials, namely, their ninety-nine percent perspiration.此次六級(jí)作文的自由度很大，看似給出了提綱，實(shí)際上具體的觀點(diǎn)全靠個(gè)人發(fā)揮。第一段需要點(diǎn)明大學(xué)排名這個(gè)現(xiàn)象，第二段需要鋪陳不同人的觀點(diǎn)，第三段要陳述自己的觀點(diǎn)。大學(xué)排名這個(gè)題目，實(shí)際上涉及到了對(duì)了大學(xué)的理解，對(duì)于大學(xué)排名標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的理解，以及對(duì)于大學(xué)排名的目的的理解。而這件事更加離不開(kāi)中國(guó)具體的國(guó)情，新中國(guó)50年代人至今受教育的情況，90后擇校的情況，目前大學(xué)的情況，考生發(fā)揮的空間可以縱橫數(shù)十年的教育史，并且可以深入探討教育的本質(zhì)。當(dāng)然，對(duì)于大多數(shù)考生來(lái)說(shuō)，湊滿150個(gè)字萬(wàn)歲！那么，模板又可以派上用場(chǎng)了。模板一1.Different people have different views on2. Some people perfer,3. Others tend to,4.As to me, I agree with / to(1)開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山直入主體，表明對(duì)某事人們的不同看法。(2)表明一部分人的看法。(3)另一部分的看法。(4)作者的看法Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning）1．A not be sustained in the long term解析：關(guān)鍵字1994對(duì)應(yīng)第一段第三行，題干中unsustainable即選項(xiàng)A中sustained的反義表達(dá)方式。選擇A。2．B Intergenerational conflicts will intensify.解析：從書(shū)名定位到原文第二段，heading for the rock, the cleaner, 都暗示了兩代人之間的問(wèn)題，最后的warfare則一目了然地指出了該矛盾。3．D politicians are afraid of losing votes in the next election4．A allow people to work longer解析：從題干中the most effective method找到第五段第三句原話，直接選擇A選項(xiàng)。5．D younger workers are readily available解析：題目中employer為關(guān)鍵字，找到第六段，該段看似沒(méi)有直接提到為什么雇主不愿意雇傭old workers，但從其不斷分析新涌現(xiàn)出來(lái)的勞動(dòng)力替代者，可以總結(jié)的出D選項(xiàng)，即年輕勞動(dòng)力的供給已足以滿足企業(yè)需求。6．B large numbers of immigrants from overseas解析：這道題間接考察了學(xué)生變換思維的能力，Japan在文中一時(shí)難以找到，但其所代表的發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家群體developed countries卻出現(xiàn)在了第七段，而該段恰恰揭示了發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家靠移民勞動(dòng)力尋求養(yǎng)老機(jī)制危機(jī)一時(shí)的緩解的舉措。7．B They find it hard to balance career and family.解析：compromise關(guān)鍵字找到第九段，關(guān)鍵字出現(xiàn)的句子前一句就是B選項(xiàng)。8．be innovative and take risks than younger ones解析：題目中old societies關(guān)鍵字對(duì)應(yīng)到倒數(shù)第六段第三行，題目中的less inclined正好與原文中的more strongly disinclined形成對(duì)照，所以答案只需摘錄之后的原文即可，即take risks than younger ones.9．mostly have families解析：題目中關(guān)鍵字intergenerational warfare對(duì)應(yīng)到原文倒數(shù)第五段。第二句直接對(duì)第一句做出了解釋，摘錄即可。10．military service解析：要理解題目中l(wèi)ess willing to 的含義，即不情愿，這樣定位到倒數(shù)第三段第一句的reluctant， commit sth. to sth. ，空格內(nèi)需要填寫(xiě)名詞，參照原文，即military service.Listening ComprehensionSection A11. What can we infer from the conversation?12. What is the woman eager to know?13. What does the man mean?14. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?15. What do we learn about the woman?16. What does the women want to do？17. Where does this conversation most probably take place?18. What does the man plan to do with his old house?19. What is the key to write a good classical detective story according to the man?20. What does the man mainly need when working on a book?21. What does the man say about writers?22. What does the woman say about British railways?23. What do some people who write to the man complain about?24. What does the man say threatens the existence of railways?25. What does the man say about railways in other countries?Section BPassage One難點(diǎn)詞匯：West Antarctic ice sheet西南極洲大冰原 ice shelf 冰架 anchored 固定的fossil 化石 microscopic marine plants 海洋微生物 geological 地質(zhì)的答案及解析：26. What is one of the most frightening threats of global warming according to the passage?細(xì)節(jié)題。本題不難，從聽(tīng)力開(kāi)頭即可聽(tīng)到 raising sea level so much that coastal cities from New York to Los Angles to Shanghai will be flooded 所以選C選項(xiàng)。27. What do scientists disagree on?細(xì)節(jié)題。本題不難。注意關(guān)鍵句 but Antarctic experts disagree strongly on just how unstable it is 即可得出答案。28. What is the latest information revealed about the West Antarctic ice sheet?細(xì)節(jié)題。注意提取關(guān)鍵信息 new evidence reveals that all or most of the Antarctic ice sheet collapsed at least once during the past 1.3 million years 所以選A選項(xiàng)。29. What the scientists latest findings suggest?細(xì)節(jié)題。聽(tīng)力最后的例子說(shuō)明了這一點(diǎn) which suggest that the region was once open ocean not solid ice ， 而其他選項(xiàng)都不是最新的發(fā)現(xiàn)。Passage Two30 B）Whether a deleted photo is immediately removed from the web.31 B) The way they store data.32 C) When the URL is reused.Passage Three33. A解析：第一段原文可以找到對(duì)應(yīng)句子，即some iced coffees contain as many calories as a hot dinner.34. B解析：第一段原文中有對(duì)應(yīng)語(yǔ)句，即Better skip dinner or hit the gym afterwards.35. C解析：在此句中， The WCRF has estimated that 19,000 cancers a year in Britain could be prevented ，關(guān)鍵詞prevented可以得知答案為C選項(xiàng)。Section C36. diverse37. tragic38. commit39. outcome40. scale41. colleagues42. accurate43. averages45. Students with high hope set themselves higher goals and know how to work to attain them,46. went beyond the simple notion that hope is merely the sense that everything will turn out all right.47. Having hope means believing you have both the will and the way to accomplish your goals, whatever they may be.Reading Comprehension（Reading in Depth）Section A47.答案：feminine and weak解析：文中提到 because they believe that such feelings are feminine and imply weakness. 要填在to be后面就應(yīng)該轉(zhuǎn)化成形容詞形式。48.答案：lose composure解析：文中提到may lead to a loss of composure。要用在主語(yǔ)后面就要把loss變成動(dòng)詞lose。49.答案：stress-related disorders解析：文中提到can contribute to stress-related disorder。50.答案：their relationship with partners解析：文中提到 report lower relationship satisfaction as do their female partners.故這里要重新組合轉(zhuǎn)換表達(dá)形式。51.答案：aggressive解析：文中提到 into physically aggression or violence，而此處在become后就要用aggression的形容詞形式。Section BPassage One52) A solve virtually existing all problems細(xì)節(jié)題。抓住時(shí)間點(diǎn) In the early 2oth century 我們從第一句 offer solutions to almost every problem 便可知道答案。選擇A選項(xiàng)。53) D They realized that science and technology alone were no guarantee for a better world.推論題。 我們首先比較容易排除A和C項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)具有迷惑性，關(guān)鍵是看 the stability of a society depended heavily on humanistic study 這個(gè)選項(xiàng)仔細(xì)看就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)說(shuō)得太絕對(duì)了，社會(huì)的問(wèn)題主要是靠人文主義的研究？顯然不是很恰當(dāng)。我們從下面那句也可以推斷出選D比較恰當(dāng)。 Two world wars and a Great Depression rocked the confidence of many people that scientific expertise alone could create a prosperous and ordered world.54) C America is lagging behind in the STEMS disciplines.55) A Insufficient funding.細(xì)節(jié)題。我們?cè)诘谌卫锟梢哉业酱鸢浮?從 are seriously underfunded Humanists are usually among the lowest-paid faculty members 這些信息中，可以很快知道是A選項(xiàng)。56) C Humanistic thinking helps cultivate and define our culture and values.細(xì)節(jié)題。本題不難。作者為什么如此著重人文主義的研究，其他三項(xiàng)都是非常具體的，且都不是重點(diǎn)。只有C選項(xiàng)符合。且我們從最后這一句 But try to imagine our world as well without the remarkable works that have defined our culture and values. 及作者的語(yǔ)氣可以更加確定是C選項(xiàng)。Passage Two57. D. It will be some time before a new Einstein emerges.58. B. His independent and abstract thinking59. D. They often go into fields yielding greater financial benefits.60. D. Nobody will read papers on apparently ridiculous theories.解析：正確答案選擇D。結(jié)合Greene講的話，他說(shuō)What an idea!還說(shuō)是需要把頭往墻上撞的人才會(huì)相信能找到個(gè)解決方案呢！說(shuō)明內(nèi)容實(shí)在是比較荒誕。61. B. was little known in academic circlesCloze62 B set out set out plans表示制定計(jì)劃63 D abandoning abandon 放棄，once unshakeable orthodoxy表示曾經(jīng)不可動(dòng)搖的做法，也就是現(xiàn)在要放棄了。64 A with struggle with表示同 斗爭(zhēng)，介詞搭配，這里表示設(shè)法應(yīng)對(duì)廣告收入和報(bào)紙銷售量下降的局面。65 B intends intend to表示打算 ,從后面的at the beginning of 2011，可知還沒(méi)有這么做，只是計(jì)劃或者打算這么做。67 A on 和side搭配，on the side of 表示擁護(hù) ；站在 一邊。69 C such as 表示舉例，從后面舉London"s Evening Standard作為例子，可知應(yīng)該選such as.70 B free 前面提到abandon readership revenue，即放棄讀者收益，由此可知應(yīng)該是make print editions free.71 C acknowledged 表示承認(rèn)，這里表示Arthur Sulzberger承認(rèn)這么做是一種賭博。72 C bet 打賭，賭注，從前面的gamble可知應(yīng)該選bet。73 C circulation 發(fā)行量，從后面的數(shù)量可知應(yīng)該選circulation。74 A behind NYT排名第三，即排在the Wall Street Journal and USA Today后面。75 B While while在這里表示對(duì)比，從上下文可知NYT與美國(guó)其他報(bào)紙不同。76 D claim 聲稱，宣稱，這里是說(shuō)NYT聲稱自己是全國(guó)范圍的報(bào)紙。77 C maintains 維持，運(yùn)營(yíng)，即NYT還在世界其他地方運(yùn)營(yíng)著26個(gè)辦公室。78 A like 從下文可知NYT和印刷行業(yè)的其他公司一樣，也受到金融危機(jī)的影響，所以選like，表示同 一樣。79 D serious 嚴(yán)重的，考察形容詞與名詞的搭配，從下文的數(shù)據(jù)可知遭受嚴(yán)重經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。80 C suffered 遭受，suffer a loss遭受損失，常見(jiàn)搭配。81 D loan 貸款，前文提到公司損失了很多錢(qián)，所以需要從別處借錢(qián)來(lái)補(bǔ)充資金。Translation82. There is no denying that you ___________(越仔細(xì)越好) in dealing with this matter.解析：can never be too careful / can not be too careful83. Only when I reached my thirties __________________________ (我才意識(shí)到讀書(shū)是不能被忽視的)解析：did I realize that reading cannot be neglecteddid I realize that reading is unignorable84. Much ___________________ (使研究人員感到驚訝)，the outcome of the experiment was far better than they had expected.解析：to the researchers surprise85. Oh, my, I can t find my key; __________________________（我一定是把它放在哪兒了）。解析：I must have left / put it somewhere.86．I ________________________(寧愿加入你們?nèi)プ隽x工)than go to the beach for a holiday.解析：would rather join you as a volunteer