解放軍文職招聘考試生物化學(xué)單項選擇題-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時間：2017-05-31 21:00:16一．單項選擇題1．衡量組織興奮性高低的指標(biāo)是```````CA.肌肉收縮強弱B.腺體分泌多少C.刺激閾大小D.動作電位幅度E.閾電位水平2.機體內(nèi)環(huán)境是指````````BA.細胞內(nèi)液B.細胞外液C.血漿D.組織液E.淋巴液3.靜息電位從-90mV 變化到-110mV 稱為```````BA.極化B.超極化C.復(fù)極化D.去極化E.除極4.有關(guān)肝素抗凝機理的敘述錯誤的是```````AA.去除血Ca2+ B.與抗凝血酶Ⅲ結(jié)合C.抑制凝血酶D.刺激血管內(nèi)皮細胞大量釋放TFPIE.抑制血小板聚集5.在體循環(huán)和肺循環(huán)中，基本相同的是```````EA.收縮壓B.舒張壓C.心室作功D.外周阻力E.心輸出量6.神經(jīng)調(diào)節(jié)的基本方式主要是```````AA.反射B.神經(jīng)分泌C.反饋D.負反饋E.正反饋7.從房室瓣關(guān)閉到動脈瓣關(guān)閉在心動周期中相當(dāng)```CA.心房收縮期B.心室等容收縮期C.心室收縮期D.心室舒張期E.心室等容舒張期8．動脈瓣關(guān)閉標(biāo)志```````DA.心房收縮期開始B.心房舒張期開始C.心室收縮期開始D.心室舒張期開始E.心舒期末9.心動周期中主動脈壓最低的時期是`````EA.快速充盈期末B.等容收縮期末C.緩慢充盈期末D.房縮期E.等容舒張期末10.血漿與組織液相同的是````````EA.血漿膠滲壓B.凝血因子C.15％葡萄糖濃度D.白蛋白濃度E.血漿晶滲壓11.內(nèi)源性凝血與外源性凝血的分界限是``````````AA.因子X 激活前B.因子X 激活后C.凝血酶形成后D.纖維蛋白形成前E.血管內(nèi)外12.心室肌細胞動作電位的主要特征是```````CA.去極化速度快B.復(fù)極化快C.復(fù)極化2 期緩慢D.有鋒電位E.有不應(yīng)期13.左心衰竭時可致```````BA.動脈血壓高B.肺水腫和肺淤血C.顯著肝脾腫大D.下肢水腫明顯E.中心靜脈壓明顯升高14.竇房結(jié)是心跳起搏點的原因是``````EA.靜息電位低B.動作電位無平臺期C.0 期去極化速度快D.傳導(dǎo)速度最快E.4 期自動去極化速度最快15.對蛋白質(zhì)和脂肪消化力最強的消化液是`````BA.胃液B.胰液C.小腸液D.大腸液E.膽汁16.骨骼肌細胞興奮-收縮耦聯(lián)的關(guān)鍵因素是````BA.Na+ B.Ca2+ C.K+D.乙酰膽堿E.ATP17.肺換氣的動力是氣體的`````````AA.分壓差B.溶解度C.分子量D.呼吸運動E.呼吸道口徑18.平靜呼吸時，呼氣末的胸內(nèi)壓`````````CA．高于大氣壓B.等于大氣壓C.低于大氣壓D. 低于肺內(nèi)壓E.高于肺內(nèi)壓19.關(guān)于肺泡表面張力的敘述正確的是```````CA.促進肺擴張B.占肺回縮力的1/3C.降低肺的順應(yīng)性D.使肺順應(yīng)性增大E.防止肺萎縮20.大量出汗后，不會引起機體`````````DA.失水B.失鹽C.血漿滲透壓升高D.ADH 釋放減少E.濃縮尿21.引起滲透性利尿的因素是````````EA.大量飲低滲性水B.靜脈大量注射生理鹽水C.大量飲茶水D.靜脈大量注射5％葡萄糖溶液E.靜脈大量注射甘露醇溶液22.當(dāng)眼視遠物時，平行光線能聚焦于視網(wǎng)膜上主要調(diào)節(jié)活動是````````DA.晶狀體變扁平，瞳孔縮小B. 晶狀體變凸，瞳孔擴大C.兩眼會聚，晶狀體變凸D. 晶狀體變扁平，瞳孔擴大E.兩眼會聚，晶狀體變凸，瞳孔縮小23.聽覺感受器位于``````DA.鼓膜B.前庭C.半規(guī)管D.耳蝸E.球囊24.關(guān)于非特異投射系統(tǒng)的敘述錯誤的是````````DA.多次換神經(jīng)元B.在丘腦換元C.彌漫性投射到皮層D.產(chǎn)生特定感覺E.易被藥物阻斷25.生理劑量糖皮質(zhì)激素的作用不包括``````BA.升高血糖B.使中性粒細胞減少C.使血小板增多D.促進蛋白質(zhì)分解E.激素允許作用26.副交感神經(jīng)興奮時```````BA.心率加快B.胃腸運動加強C.逼尿肌舒張D.瞳孔散大E.汗腺分泌27.下列過程存在負反饋的是```````CA.排尿B.血液凝固C.體溫調(diào)節(jié)D.分娩E.排便28.除哪項外都是腱反射```````DA.膝跳反射B.肱二頭肌反射C.肱三頭肌反射D.屈肌反射E.跟腱反射29．下列哪項不是腎的機能```````CA．排泄廢物B.調(diào)節(jié)水電解質(zhì)平衡C.分泌腎上腺素D.分泌促紅細胞生成素E.調(diào)節(jié)酸堿平衡30.下列哪種物質(zhì)不屬于胃腸道激素``````BA.胃泌素B.組胺C.生長抑素D.血管活性腸肽E.抑胃肽單項選擇題答案（ 選擇題答案不一定完全正確哦）1 . C 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.E 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.D 10.E 11.A 12.C 13.B 14.E 15.B 16.B17.A 18.C 19.C 20.D 21.E 22.D 23.D 24.D 25.B 26.B 27.C 28.D 29.C 30.B二．名詞解釋（30 分）1．靜息電位：細胞在沒有受到外來刺激的條件下，（2 分）存在于細胞膜內(nèi)外兩側(cè)的電位差。2．閾電位：能使細胞膜去極化（1 分）而爆發(fā)動作電位的臨界膜電位值。（2 分）3．射血分數(shù)；每搏輸出量（1 分）和心輸末期（1 分）容量的百分比。（1 分）4．中心靜脈壓：存在于胸腔大靜脈和右心房的壓力，稱為中心靜脈壓。正常值為4～12 cmH2O。5．通氣-血流比值：肺泡通氣量與肺血流量的比值。（2 分）正常值為0.84(1 分)。6．竇性心律：以竇房結(jié)為起搏點的心臟節(jié)律性活動。（3 分）7．神經(jīng)激素：下丘腦許多神經(jīng)細胞，既能產(chǎn)生和傳導(dǎo)神經(jīng)沖動，又能合成和釋放激素，故稱神經(jīng)內(nèi)分泌細胞，它們產(chǎn)生的激素稱為神經(jīng)激素。8．興奮性突觸后電位：后膜的膜電位在遞質(zhì)（1 分）作用下發(fā)生去極化改變，（1 分）使該突觸后神經(jīng)元對其他刺激的興奮性升高的電位變化。（1 分）9．視野：單眼固定地注視前方一點時，該眼所能看到的范圍。（3 分）10．基本電節(jié)律：消化道平滑肌細胞可在靜息電位基礎(chǔ)上，產(chǎn)生自發(fā)性去極化和復(fù)極化的節(jié)律性電位波動，其頻率較慢，又稱為慢波。三．問答題（40 分）1．述心室肌細胞動作電位的形成機制。0 期：去極化至閾電位，鈉通道開放，鈉離子內(nèi)流形成。（2 分）1 期：鈉通道關(guān)閉，一過性的鉀外流形成。（2 分）2 期：鈣內(nèi)流和鉀外流所攜帶的電荷數(shù)相等，膜電位保持不變。（3 分）3 期：鈣通道關(guān)閉，鉀外流形成。（1 分）4 期：膜電位在靜息電位水平，鈉泵活動。（2 分）2.什么是表面活性物質(zhì)？其作用是什么？表面活性物質(zhì)由肺泡II 型上皮分泌，化學(xué)成分為二軟脂酰卵磷脂。（4 分）主要作用為降低肺泡表面張力。（2 分）表現(xiàn)為：①保持大小肺泡的穩(wěn)定性。（2 分）②防止肺水腫.(2 分)3. 影響胃排空的因素有哪些？①胃內(nèi)促進排空的因素：迷走-迷走反射或壁內(nèi)神經(jīng)反射。（3 分） 胃泌素的釋放。（2 分）②抑制排空的因素：腸-胃反射。（3 分）酸和脂肪進入十二指腸引起小腸釋放腸抑胃素（胰泌素、抑胃肽）。4. 長期大量應(yīng)用糖皮質(zhì)激素類藥物的病人為什么不能突然停藥？ACTH 的主要作用是促進腎上腺皮質(zhì)增生和糖皮質(zhì)激素的合成與釋放而糖皮質(zhì)激素對腺垂體的ACTH 合成與釋放又具有負反饋抑制作用。因此，臨床上長期大量使用皮質(zhì)醇的病人，由于ACTH 的分泌受到外來皮質(zhì)醇的抑制， 分泌量減少， 致腎上腺皮質(zhì)逐漸萎縮， 功能減退。如突然停藥，則有出現(xiàn)急性腎上腺皮質(zhì)功能不足的危險。故在停藥時逐漸減量，停藥前還應(yīng)給病人間斷補充ACTH，以預(yù)防這種情況的發(fā)生。1．老年人的脈壓比年輕人大，主要是由于老年人的A.心輸出量較小B.循環(huán)血量較少C.血液黏性增高D.小動脈硬化E.主動脈和大動脈彈性降低本題正確答案：E2．維持軀體姿勢的最基本的反射是A.屈肌反射B.對側(cè)伸肌反射C.腱反射D.肌緊張反射E.翻正反射本題正確答案：D3．在知覺的基本特性中不包括A.整體性B.理解性C.選擇性D.恒常性E.準(zhǔn)確性本題正確答案：E4．下列感受器的生理特性中，錯誤的是A.具有換能作用B.僅對適宜刺激發(fā)生反應(yīng)C.對刺激可發(fā)生適應(yīng)D.感受器的敏感性可受中樞調(diào)制E.受刺激后可產(chǎn)生發(fā)生器電位或感受器電位本題正確答案：B5．正常成年人腎小球濾過率為A.100ml／minB.125ml／minC.200ml／minD.250ml／minE.500ml／min本題正確答案：B6．鋒電位由頂點向靜息電位水平方向變化過程叫做A.除極化B.超極化C.復(fù)極D.反極化E.極化本題正確答案：C7．次要半球占優(yōu)勢的功能是A.特異感覺B.軀體運動調(diào)節(jié)C.非語詞性的認知功能D.自主性神經(jīng)調(diào)節(jié)功能E.內(nèi)分泌調(diào)節(jié)功能本題正確答案：C8．一般地說，右側(cè)大腦不具有的功能為A.識別圖形B.形象思維C.感知音樂D.定向功能E.讀解文字本題正確答案：E9．關(guān)于肺彈性阻力，下列哪一項敘述是錯誤的A.來自肺組織本身的彈性回縮力和肺泡液-氣界面的表面張力B.肺組織的彈性回縮力約占肺總彈性阻力的2／3C.肺擴張越大，彈性阻力也越大D.肺泡表面張力捷肺具有回縮傾向E.肺泡表面活性物質(zhì)有降低肺彈性阻力的作用本題正確答案：B10．右心衰竭時，組織液生成增加而出現(xiàn)水腫的主要原因是A. 血漿膠體滲透壓降低B.毛細血管血壓增高C.組織液靜水壓降低D.組織液膠體滲透壓增高E.淋巴回流受阻本題正確答案：B11．對于蛋白質(zhì)吸收的敘述，下列哪一項是錯誤的A.可以二肽、三肽和氨基酸的形式吸收B.是主動的耗能過程C.吸收途徑主要是通過血液D.與K+的吸收相耦聯(lián)E.絕大部分在十二指腸和近端空腸被吸收本題正確答案：D12．葡萄糖在腎小管中被重吸收的部位是A.近球小管B.髓袢細段C.髓袢升支粗段D.遠曲小管E.各段腎小管本題正確答案：A13．關(guān)于降壓反射，下列哪一項是錯誤的A.也稱為頸動脈竇和主動脈弓壓力感受性反射B.對搏動性的壓力變化更加敏感C.是一種負反饋調(diào)節(jié)機制D.在平時安靜狀態(tài)下不起作用E.當(dāng)動脈血壓突然升高時，反射活動加強，導(dǎo)致血壓回降本題正確答案：D14．下列關(guān)于Na+泵功能的敘述，哪一項是正確的A.將細胞內(nèi)Na+轉(zhuǎn)運出去B.將細胞外K+轉(zhuǎn)運入細胞C.轉(zhuǎn)運等量的Na+和K+D.維持細胞內(nèi)、外的Na+、K+離子濃度梯度E.完成原發(fā)性主動轉(zhuǎn)運本題正確答案：D15．室性期前收縮之后出現(xiàn)代償性間歇的原因是A.竇房結(jié)的節(jié)律性興奮延遲發(fā)放B.竇房結(jié)的節(jié)律性興奮少發(fā)放一次C.竇房結(jié)的節(jié)律性興奮傳出速度大大減慢D.室性期前興奮的有效不應(yīng)期特別長E.竇房結(jié)一次節(jié)律性興奮落在期前收縮有效不應(yīng)期內(nèi)本題正確答案：E16．紅細胞沉降率變快主要是由于A.紅細胞數(shù)目增加B.紅細胞脆性增加C.血漿白蛋白含量增加D.血漿球蛋白含量增加E.血漿晶體滲透壓升高本題正確答案：D17．大量出汗后尿量減少的主要原因是A.血漿晶體滲透壓升高，引起抗利尿激素分泌增加B.血漿膠體滲透壓升高，腎小球濾過減少C.血容量減少，腎小球毛細血管壓降低D.腎小管中溶質(zhì)濃度增加，水重吸收增加E.交感神經(jīng)興奮引起腎素分泌增加本題正確答案：A18．甲狀腺激素對腦和長骨生長發(fā)育的影響在哪個時期影響最大A.胎兒期B.出生后1 個月內(nèi)C.出生后4 個月內(nèi)D.出生后10 個月內(nèi)E.出生后1～2 年內(nèi)本題正確答案：C19．對于胃酸分泌的敘述，下列哪一項是錯誤的是A.分泌鹽酸的壁細胞主要分布在胃底及胃體部，胃竇部基本上沒有B.H+、K+-ATP 酶在H+分泌中起關(guān)鍵作用C.H+的分泌與K+的向細胞內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)運相耦聯(lián)D.甲氰咪呱是壁細胞上胃泌素受體的阻斷劑E.胃竇和十二指腸內(nèi)pH 降低到一定程度對胃酸分泌有負反饋作用本題正確答案：D20．對呼吸調(diào)節(jié)的敘述，下列哪一項是正確的A.生理情況下，O2 是血液中調(diào)節(jié)呼吸的最重要因素B.缺氧興奮呼吸的作用是通過刺激中樞化學(xué)感受器C.CO2 可通過刺激中樞化學(xué)感受器和外周化學(xué)感受器兩條途徑實現(xiàn)，但以后者為主D.血液中H+很易通過血-腦屏障刺激中樞化學(xué)感受器E.肺牽張反射不是正常人平靜呼吸運動重要調(diào)節(jié)機制本題正確答案：E21．關(guān)于冠脈血流量，下列哪一項敘述是錯誤的A.在心室收縮期少，舒張期多B.占心輸出量的4％～5％C.動脈舒張壓升高時，流量增多D.在心肌缺氧時減少E.血管緊張素Ⅱ能使冠脈血流量減少本題正確答案：D22．調(diào)節(jié)胰島素分泌的最重要因素是A.血糖水平B.血氨基酸水平C.血脂水平D.血鈣水平E.血鉀水平本題正確答案：A23．閾電位是指A.造成膜的K+通道突然開放的臨界膜電位B.造成膜的K+通道突然關(guān)閉的臨界膜電位C.超極化到剛能引起動作電位的膜電位D.造成膜的Na+通道大量開放的臨界膜電位E.造成膜的Na+通道突然關(guān)閉的臨界膜電位本題正確答案：D24．下面關(guān)于睪丸功能的敘述，哪一項是錯誤的A.具有產(chǎn)生精子與雄激素雙重功能D.精原細胞產(chǎn)生精子C.支持細胞對精子有營養(yǎng)作用D.間質(zhì)細胞產(chǎn)生睪酮E.睪丸生精功能與內(nèi)分泌功能互不影響本題正確答案：E25．關(guān)于長時記憶，以下正確的是A.記憶容量有限B.保持時間小于1 分鐘C.信息加工方式為語言編碼D.記憶容量無限E.被注意的感覺記憶內(nèi)容可以進入長時記憶本題正確答案：D26．人體內(nèi)O2、CO2 和NH3 進出細胞膜是通過A.單純擴散B.易化擴散C.主動轉(zhuǎn)運D.載體轉(zhuǎn)運E.入胞和出胞作用本題正確答案：A27．心輸出量是指A.每分鐘由一側(cè)心房射出的血量B.每分鐘由一側(cè)心室射出的血量C.每分鐘由左、右心室射出的血量之和D.一次心跳一側(cè)心室射出的血量E.一次心跳兩側(cè)心室射出的血量本題正確答案：B492. 用藥物阻斷心肌細胞膜的鈣通道后，其動作電位和收縮活動如何？540. 說出甲狀旁腺激素，降鈣素和維生素D3 在鈣穩(wěn)態(tài)中的調(diào)節(jié)作用。鈣離子是機體各項生理活動不可缺少的離子。它對于維持細胞膜兩側(cè)的生物電位，維持正常的神經(jīng)傳導(dǎo)功能。維持正常的肌肉伸縮與舒張功能以及神經(jīng)－肌肉傳導(dǎo)功能，還有一些激素的作用機制均通過鈣離子表現(xiàn)出來。它的主要生理功能均是基于以上的基本細胞功能，主要有一下幾點：1.鈣離子是凝血因子，參與凝血過程；2.參與肌肉（包括骨骼肌、平滑?。┦湛s過程；3.參與神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)合成與釋放、激素合成與分泌；4.是骨骼構(gòu)成的重要物質(zhì)。497. 急性失血時人體可出現(xiàn)哪些代償性反應(yīng)？1)交感神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)興奮:在失血30 秒內(nèi)出現(xiàn)并引起：①大多數(shù)器官的阻力血管收縮，在心輸出量減少的情況下，仍能維持動脈血壓接近正常。各器官血流量重新分配以保證腦和心臟的供血。②容量血管收縮，使有足夠的回心血量和心輸出量。③心率明顯加快。2)毛細血管處組織液重吸收增加:失血一小時內(nèi)，毛細血管前阻力血管收縮，毛細血管前阻力和毛細血管后阻力的比值加大，故組織液的回收多于生成，使血漿量有所恢復(fù)，血液被稀釋。3)血管緊張素Ⅱ，醛固酮和血管生壓素生成增加:通過縮血管作用以及促進Na＋和水的重吸收，有利于血量的恢復(fù).血管緊張素Ⅱ還能引起渴感和飲水行為，使機體通過飲水增加細胞外液量。4)血漿蛋白質(zhì)和紅細胞的恢復(fù):失血時損失的一部分血漿蛋白質(zhì)由肝臟加速合成，在一天或更長的時間內(nèi)逐漸恢復(fù).紅細胞則由骨髓造血組織加速生成，約數(shù)周才能恢復(fù)。__
解放軍文職招聘考試2014年6月英語四級真題(第三套)聽力文本-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時間：2017-06-18 18:54:362014年6月英語四級真題(第三套)聽力文本Section A1.A) He has proved to be a better reader than the woman.B) He has difficulty understanding the book.C) He cannot get access to the assigned book.D) He cannot finish his assignment before the deadline.A) She will drive the man to the supermarket.B) The man should buy a car of his own.C) The man needn t go shopping every week.D) She can pick the man up at the grocery store.A) Get more food and drinks.B) Ask his friend to come over.C) Tidy up the place.D) Hold a party.A) The talks can be held any day except this Friday.B) He could change his schedule to meet John Smith.C) The first-round talks should start as soon as possible.D)The woman should contact John Smith first.A) He understands the woman s feelings.B) He has gone through a similar experience.C) The woman should have gone on the field trip.D) The teacher is just following the regulations.A) She will meet the man halfway.B) She is sorry the man will not come.C) She will ask David to talk less.D) She has to invite David to the party.A) Few students understand Prof. Johnson s lectures.B) Few students meet Prof. Johnson s requirements.C) Many students find Prof. Johnson s lectures boring.D) Many students have dropped Prof. Johnson s class.A) Check their computer files.B) Make some computations.C) Study a computer program.D) Assemble a computer.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A) It allows him to make a lot of friends.B) It requires him to work long hours.C) It enables him to apply theory to practice.D) It helps him understand people better.A) It is intellectually challenging.B) It requires him to do washing-up all the time.C) It exposes him to oily smoke all day long.D) It demands physical endurance and patience.A) In a hospital.B) At a coffee shop.C) At a laundryD) In a hotelA) Getting along well with colleagues.B) Paying attention to every detail.C) Planning everything in advance.D) Knowing the needs of customers.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A) The pocket money British children get.B) The annual inflation rate in Britain.C) The things British children spend money on.D) The rising cost of raising a child in Britain.A) It enables children to live better.B) It goes down during economic recession.C) It often rises higher than inflation.D) It has gone up 25% in the past decade.A) Save up for their future education.B) Pay for small personal things.C) Buy their own shoes and socks.D) Make donations when necessary.Section BPassage oneQuestions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.A) District managers.B) Regular customers.C) Sales directors.D) Senior clerks.A)The support provided by the regular clients.B)The initiative shown by the sales representatives.C)The urgency of implementing the company^ plans.D)The important part played by district managers.A) Some of them were political-minded.B) Fifty percent of them were female.C) One third of them were senior managers.D) Most of them were rather conservative.A) He used too many quotations.B) He was not gender sensitive.C) He did not keep to the point.D) He spent too much time on details.Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.A) State your problem to the head waiterB) Demand a discount on the dishes ordered.C) Ask to see the manager politely but firmly.D) Ask the name of the person waiting on you.A) Your problem may not be understood correctly.B) You don t know if you are complaining at the right time.C)Your complaint may not reach the person in charge.D)You can t tell how the person on the line is reacting.A) Demand a prompt response.B) Provide all the details.C) Send it by express mail.D) Stick to the point.A) Fashion designer.B) Architect.C) City planner.D) Engineer.A) Do some volunteer work.B) Get a well-paid part-time job.C) Work flexible hours.D) Go back to her previous post.A) Few baby-sitters can be considered trustworthy.B) It will add to family s financial burden.C) A baby-sitter is no replacement for a mother.D) The children won t get along with a baby-sitter.Section CAlmost every child, on the first day he sets foot in a school building, is smarter, more 26 , less afraid of what he doesn t know, better at finding and 27 ，more confident, resourceful (機敏的）， persistent and 28 than he will ever be again in his schooling-or, unless he is very unusual and very lucky, for the rest of his life. Already, by paying close attention to and 29 the world and people around him, and without any school-type formal instruction, he has done a task far more difficult, complicated and 30 than anything he will be asked to do in school, or than any of his teachers has done for years. He has solved the 31 of language. He has discovered it-babies don t even know that language exists-and he has found out how it works and learnt to use it32 . He hasdone it by exploring, by experimenting, by developing his own model of the grammar of language, by33 and seeing whether it works by gradually changing it and 34 it until it does work. And while he has been doing this, he has been learning other things as well, including many of the 35 that the schools think only they can teach him, and many that are more complicated than the ones they do try to teach him.Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, oneor more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation andthe questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be apause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), andD), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Now let s begin with the eight shortconversations.W: Just imagine! We have to finish reading 300 pages before Monday! How can the professor expect us todo it in such a short time?M: Yeah, but what troubles me is that I can t find the book in the library or in the university bookstore.Q：What does the man mean?M：Do you think I could borrow your car to go grocery shopping? The supermarkets outside the city are somuch cheaper. I d also be happy to pick up anything you need.W：Well, I don t like to let anyone else drive my car. Tell you what, why don t we go together?Q：What does the woman mean?M: Forgive the mess in here. We had a party last night. Here were a lot of people and they all brought food. W: Yeah，I can tell. Well, I guess it s pretty obvious what you ll be doing most of today.Q: What does the woman think the man will do?W：What time would suit you for the first-round talks with John Smith?M：Well, you know my schedule. Other than this Friday, one day is as good as the nextQ：What does the man mean?W：I was so angry yesterday! My biology teacher did not even let me explain why I missed the field trip. Hejust wouldn t let me pass!M：That doesn t seem fair,I d feel that way too if I were you.Q：What does the man imply?M: I really can t stand the way David controls the conversation all the time. If he is going to be at your Christmas party, I just won t come.W: I m sorry you feel that way, but my mother insists that he come.Q: What does the woman imply?W: You re taking a course with Prof. Johnson. What s your impression so far?M: Well, many students could hardly stay awake in his class without first drinking a cup of coffee.Q: What does the man imply?W: Have you ever put a computer together before?M: No, never. But I think if we follow these instructions exactly, we won t have much trouble.Q: What are the speakers going to do?Now you ll hear the two long conversations.Conversation OneW ： What sort of hours do you work, Steve?M： (9) Weil, I have to work very long hours, about eleven hours a day.W： What time do you start?M： I work 9 to3, then I start again at5:30 and work until 11，six days a week. So I have to work very unsocial hours.W ： And do you have to work at the weekend?M： Oh, yes. That s our busiest time. I get Wednesdays off.W ： What are the things you have to do and the things you don t have to do?M： Uh, I don t have to do the washing-up, so that s good. I have to wear white, and I have to keep everything in the kitchen totally clean.W： (10) What s hard about the job?M： (10) You are standing up all the time. When we are busy, people get angry and sharp, but that s normal.W： How did you learn the profession?M： Well, I did a two-year course at college. In the first year we had to learn the basics, and then we had totake exams.W： Was it easy to find a job?M： (11) I wrote to about six hotels and one of them gave me my first job, so I didn t have to wait too long. W：(12) And what s the secret of being good at your job?M： (12) Attention to detail. You have to love it You have to show passion for it W： And what are your plans for the future?M： I want to have my own place when the time is right.9.What does the man say about his job?10.What does the man think is the hardest part of his job?11.Where did the man get his first job after graduation?12.What does the man say is important to being good at his job?Conversation TwoW： (13) Now you ve seen this table of figures about the pocket money children in Britain get?M： Yes. I thought it was quite interesting, but I don t quite understand the column entitled Change. Can you explain what it means?W: Well, I think it means the change from the year before. I am not a mathematician, but I assume the rise from 70p to 90p is a rise of 25 percent.M： Oh, yes, I see. And the inflation rate is there for comparison.W： Yes. (14) Why do you think the rise in pocket money is often higher than inflation?M： I am sorry I ve no idea. Perhaps parents in Britain are too generous.W： Perhaps they are. But it looks as if children were a lot better off in 2001 than they were in 2002. That s strange, isn t it? And they seem to have been better off in 2003 than they are now. I wonder why that is.M： Yes, I don t understand that at all.W： Anyway, if you had children, how much pocket money would you give them?M： I don t know. I think HI probably give them two pounds a week.W： Would you? And what would you expect them to do with it?M： (15) Well, out of that they have to buy some small personal things, but I wouldn t expect them to save to buy their own socks, for example.W： Yes. By the way, do most children in your country get pocket money?M： Yeah, they do.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13.What is the table of figures about?14.What do we learn from the conversation about British children s pocket money?15.Supposing the man had children, what would lie expect them to do with their pocket money?Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Boththe passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear aquestion, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C), and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a singleline through the centre.Passage One(16) As the new sales director for a national computer firm，Alex Gordon was looking forward to his first meeting with the company s district managers. Everyone arrived on time, and Alex s presentation went extremely well. (17) He decided to end the meeting with the conversation about the importance of the district managers to the company s plans. I believe we are going to continue to increase our share of the market, he began, because of the quality of the people in this room. The district manager is the key to the success of the sales representatives in his district. He sets the term for everyone else. If he has ambitious goals and is willing to put in long hours, everyone in his unit will follow his example. (19) When Alex has finished, he received polite applause, but hardly the warm response he had hoped for. Later he spoke with one of the senior manager. Things were going so well until the end ，Alex said disappointedly. Obviously, I said the wrong thing. Yes, the district manager replied. (18) Half of our managers are women. Most have worked their way up from sales representatives, and they are very proud of the role they played in the company s growth. (19) They don t care at all about political correctness. But they were definitely surprised and distressed to be referred to as he in your speech.16.Who did Alex Gordon speak to at the first meeting?17.What did Alex want to emphasize at the end of his presentation?18.What do we learn about the audience at the meeting?19.Why did Alex fail to receive the warm response he had hoped for?Passage TwoThe way to complain is to act business-like and important. (20) If your complaint is immediate, suppose you got the wrong order at a restaurant, make a polite but firm request to see the manager. When the manager comes, ask his or her name. And then state your problem and what you expect to have done about it. Be polite! Shouting or acting rude will get you nowhere. But also be firm in making your complaint. Besides, act important. This doesn t mean to put on airs and say do you know who I am? What it means is that people are often treated the way they expect to be treated. If you act like someone who expects a fair request to be granted, chances are it will be granted. (21) The worst way to complain is over the telephone- You are speaking to a voice coming from someone you cannot see. So you can t tell how the person on the line is reacting. It is easy for that person to give you the run-around. Complaining in person or by letter is generally more effective. If your complaint does not require an immediateresponse, it often helps to complain by letter. If youhave an appliance that doesn t work, send a letter to the store that sold it. (22) Be business-like and stick to the point. Don t spend a paragraph on how your uncle John tried to fix the problem and couldn t.20.What does the speaker suggest you do when you are not served properly at a restaurant?21.Why does the speaker say the worst way to complain is over the telephone?22.What should you do if you make a complaint by letter?Passage ThreeBarbara Sanders is a wife and the mother of two children, ages 2 and 4. Her husband, Tom, is an engineer and makes an excellent salary. (23) Before Barbara had children, she worked as an architect for the government, designing government housing. She quit her job when she became pregnant, but is now interested in re-turning to work. She s been offered an excellent job with the government her husband feels it s unnecessary for her to work since the family does not need the added income. He also thinks that a woman should stay home with her children. (24) If Barbara feels the need to do socially important work, he thinks that she should do volunteer work one or two days a week. Barbara, on the other hand, has missed the excitement of her profession and does not fed she would be satisfied doing volunteer work. She would also like to have her own income, so she does not have to ask her husband for money whenever she wants to buy something. She does not think it s necessary to stay home every day with the childrenand she knows a very reliable baby-sitter who s willing to come to her house. (25) Tom does not think a baby-sitter can replace a mother and thinks it s a bad idea for the children to spend so much time with someone who s not part of the family.23.What was Barbara s profession before she had children?24.What does Barbara s husband suggest she do if she wants to work?25.What does Tom think about hiring a baby-sitter?Section CDirections: In this section, you will heara passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you shouldlisten carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the secondtime, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have justheard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should checkwhat you have written.Now listen to the passage.Almost every child, on the first day he sets foot in a school building, is smarter, more curious, less afraid of what he doesn t know, better at finding andfiguring things out ，more confident, resourceful (機敏的）， persistent and independent than he will ever be again in his schooling-or, unless he is very unusual and very lucky, for the rest of his life. Already, by paying close attention to and interacting with the world and people around him, and without any school-type formal instruction, he has done a task far more difficult, complicated andabstract than anything he will be asked to do in school, or than any of his teachers has done for years. He has solved the mystery of language. He has discovered it-babies don t even know that language exists-and he has found out how it works and learnt to use it appropriate . He hasdone it by exploring, by experimenting, by developing his own model of the grammar of language, bytrying it out and seeing whether it works by gradually changing it andrefining it until it does work. And while he has been doing this, he has been learning other things as well, including many of theconcepts that the schools think only they can teach him, and many that are more complicated than the ones they do try to teach him.每天15分鐘英語聽力ID：shrj520小伙伴關(guān)注了之后，聽力變成送分題▲微信掃描以上二維碼Section AShort ConversationC)。未聽先知四個選項都以he作主語，且出現(xiàn)了 reader, book, assignment等，故推測本題考查的內(nèi)容與讀書有關(guān)。詳解對話中,女士說周一前必須讀完300頁的書，對教授要求在這么短的時間內(nèi)完成表示不理解，但困擾他的問題是他在圖書館或?qū)W校書店根本找不到那本書。由此可知,男士找不到教授要求讀的書,故答案為C)。A)。（未聽先知:選項中提到了 supermarket，car, go shopping, store等，故推測本題與購物和汽車有關(guān)。詳解：對話中,男士詢問女士是否可以借她的車去購物,并樂意為女士購買她所需要的東西;女士表示不愿意把車借給別人,但是可以一起去。由此可知，女士將開車和男士一起去購物，故答案為A)C)。未聽先知：選項中出現(xiàn)了 food, drinks, party等，故推測本題考查與聚會有關(guān)的內(nèi)容。詳解:對話中，男士首先說明這里亂七八糟的原因:昨晚有個聚會,人很多,而且都帶了吃的。女士表示理解:說能猜出男士今天大部分時間都將在做什么了.即收拾這個地方,故答案為C)。A)。未聽片先知：選項中出現(xiàn)了 talks, schedule, first-round talks等，故推測本題考杏的內(nèi)容與談判的時間安排有關(guān)。詳解：對話中,女士詢問男士與約翰o史密斯第一輪談判的合適時間，男士說除了本周五，其他任何一天都可以，故答案為A)。A)。未聽先知：項中出現(xiàn)了 field trip, teacher, regulations等,可推測本題是關(guān)于教師和學(xué)生的話題。詳解：女士說她昨天很生氣,因為生物老師不讓她解釋她沒有參加校外實習(xí)的原因，而是直接不讓她通過考試;男士說如果自己是女士,他也會有相同的感受。由此可知，男士很理解女士現(xiàn)在的心情，故答案為A)。D)。未聽先知：每四個選項均以she作主語，其中出現(xiàn)了 come, invite, party等，由此可以推測本題考查的內(nèi)容與聚會有關(guān)。詳解：對話中,男士抱怨說自己實在無法忍受戴維主導(dǎo)談話的方式,并說如果戴維參加女士的圣誕晚會，自己就不去了;女士感到遺憾,說是她母親堅持請戧維來。言外之意是,女士不得不請戯維來參加圣誕晚會,故答案為D)。C) 未聽先知：選項中出現(xiàn)了 Students, Prof. Johnson, lectures, boring等,并根據(jù)各選項意思，可以推測本題考查學(xué)生對約翰遜教授的課程的反應(yīng)。詳解：對話中,女士詢問男士對約翰遜教授的課程的印象;男士回答說要是課前不先喝一杯咖啡的話,許多學(xué)生幾乎無法保持淸醒。由此可知,約翰遜教授的課程比較枯燥,故答案為C)。未聽先知：選項中出現(xiàn)了 computer files, computer program, assemble a computer 等,可以推測本題考查的內(nèi)容與使用電腦或組裝電腦有關(guān)。詳解：對話中，女士問男士是否組裝過電腦;男士說從來沒有,不過完全按照說明來操作應(yīng)該不會有太大問題。由此可知,兩人談?wù)摰脑掝}是組裝電腦,故答案為D)。Long Conversation One預(yù)覽四道題各選項,其中出現(xiàn)了 work, colleagues, customers等，根據(jù)各選項意思,可以推測對話可能與某種工作相關(guān)。9. What does the man say about his job?詳解：對話開頭,女士問男士的工作時間，男士回答說工作時間很長,每天大約工作11個小時,故B）為答案。10. What does the man think is the hardest part of his job?詳解：對話中，女士問男士工作中最難的是什么,男士回答說必須長時間站著,在客流髙峰期，顧客變得易怒且尖刻。由此可知,男士的工作不僅需要體力,還要有耐心，故D)為答案。11. Where did the man get his first job after graduation?詳解：對話中,女士詢問男士是否容易找到工作,男士說他寫信給六家酒店,其中一家給了他第一份工作。由此可知,他的第一份工作是在酒店里，故D)為答案。12. What does the man say is important to being good at his job?詳解：對話末尾部分,女士問男士做好這份工作的秘訣是什么,男士說要注意細節(jié),故B)為答案。Long Conversation Two未聽先知：預(yù)覽三道題各選項,其中提到了 Pocket money, British children等,由此推測對話可能與英國兒童的零用錢相關(guān)。13. What is the table of figures about?A)。詳解：對話開頭部分,女士詢問男士是否看到英國兒童零用錢的數(shù)據(jù)表格，由此可知,該表格內(nèi)容與英國兒童的零用錢有關(guān)，故A)為答案。14. What do we learn from the conversation about British children s pocket money?C)詳解：對話中,兩人討論了表格中的數(shù)據(jù),女士問男士兒童零用錢的增長率要高于通貨膨脹率的原因,故答案為C)。15. Supposing the man had children, what would lie expect them to do with their pocket money?B)詳解：對話末尾部分,女士問男士希望孩子們用零用錢做什么,男士回答說希望他們買些小件的個人物品，故答案為B)。Section BPassage One預(yù)覽四道題各選項，由選項中的managers，sales representatives等可以推測，短文可能與公司的管理及銷售人員相關(guān)。16. Who did Alex Gordon speak to at the first meeting?A)詳解:短文開頭提到,一家全國性的電腦公司的新任銷售總監(jiān)艾里克斯o戈登期望著與區(qū)域經(jīng)理的第一次會面。由此可知,艾里克斯o戈登講話的對象是區(qū)域經(jīng)理，故A)為答案。17. What did Alex want to emphasize at the end of his presentation?D)詳解：短文中提到,艾里克斯o戈登決定最后以區(qū)域經(jīng)理對公司規(guī)劃的重要性來結(jié)束會議,故D)為答案。18. What do we learn about the audience at the meeting?B)詳解：短文主要介紹了新任銷售總監(jiān)艾里克斯o戈登在區(qū)域經(jīng)理會議上的講話,所以會議的參加者是經(jīng)理。其中,一位髙級經(jīng)理提到,一半的區(qū)域經(jīng)理是女性,故B)為答案。19. Why did Alex fail to receive the warm response he had hoped for?B)詳解：-位髙級經(jīng)理在解釋艾里克斯的講話沒有得到預(yù)期的熱烈回應(yīng)的原因時說，-半的區(qū)域經(jīng)理是顯然對于在講話中被稱為 he 而感到驚訝和憂慮,即他對性別問題不夠敏感，故B)為答案。Passage Two20. What does the speaker suggest you do when you are not served properly at a restaurant?21. Why does the speaker say the worst way to complain is over the telephone?22. What should you do if you make a complaint by letter?D)。詳解：短文在最后部分提到如何寫投訴信，指出投訴信要務(wù)實、切題,不要談?wù)摕o關(guān)的內(nèi)容，故D)為答案。Passage Three預(yù)覽三道題各選項，第23題涉及不同職業(yè),第24題涉及具體的工作形式,第25題提到了 baby-sitter -詞,由此推斷短文可能是關(guān)于工作與照看孩子的問題。23. What was Barbara s profession before she had children?B)。詳解：短文一開始提到，芭芭拉.桑德斯現(xiàn)在是兩個孩子的母親，在有孩子之前，她曾是政府部門的建筑設(shè)計師,設(shè)計政府大樓，故答案為B)。24. What does Barbara s husband suggest she do if she wants to work?A)。詳解：短文中間部分提到,芭芭拉o桑德斯的丈夫不希望她重新工作，而是希望她照顧孩子,如果她想做有社會意義的工作，他建議她每周做一兩天的志愿者工作,故答案為A)。25. What does Tom think about hiring a baby-sitter?C)。詳解：短文末尾部分提到，芭芭拉o桑德斯想請一位靠得住的保姆照看孩子,湯姆認為,保姆無法取代母親,孩子長時間與非家庭成員接觸并非好事，故答案為C)。Section C26.curious。詳解：此處應(yīng)該填一個形容詞與more共同構(gòu)成比較級結(jié)構(gòu)。curious意為 好奇的，求知的 。27.figuring things out。詳解：此處應(yīng)該填一個動名詞短語，與finding構(gòu)成并列結(jié)構(gòu)。figure things out 意為 把事情弄明白 。28.independent。詳解：此處應(yīng)該填一個形容詞,與前面的形容詞confident，resourceful, persistent構(gòu)成并列結(jié)構(gòu)。independent意為 獨立的，不受約束的 。29.interacting with。詳解：此處應(yīng)該填一個動名詞短語，與paying dose attention to構(gòu)成并列結(jié)構(gòu)。interact with意為 交流，交往30.abstract。詳解：此處應(yīng)該填一個形容詞,與difficult, complicated并列構(gòu)成比較級結(jié)構(gòu)。abstract意為 抽象的 。31.mystery。詳解：由冠詞the可知此處應(yīng)該填一個名同D mystery意為 秘密,奧秘32.appropriately。詳解：此處應(yīng)該填入一個副同，修飾前面的use。Appropriately意為 適當(dāng)?shù)?合適地33.trying it out。詳解：此處應(yīng)該填一個動名詞短語，作前面介詞by的賓語，并與空格后面的seeing 并列。Trysth. out意為 試驗，檢驗 。34.refining。詳解：此處應(yīng)該填一個動名詞,與空格前面的changing并列。refine意為 改進，完善 。35.concepts。詳解此處應(yīng)該填一個名同的復(fù)數(shù)形式,被后面that引導(dǎo)的定語從句所修飾。concept意為 觀念,想法 。
語句排序題答案一眼看出靠的是兩個秒殺答題技巧
一、找顯眼的提示詞一些語句排序題的首句不好判斷，即使從它的選項中可以知道只有這兩句中的一句是首句，但是你在那里琢磨半天，盯著這兩句看了一遍又一遍，還是看不出來哪句是首句，這可怎么辦？如果遇到這樣的情況，請立即放棄判斷首句，去看其他語句，找突破口，比如說一些語句中會出現(xiàn)明顯的指示詞，如這、它、與此類似、總之……，這些你一眼掃過去就能發(fā)現(xiàn)的明顯詞匯，將幫你快速鎖定答案。不信？看下面這道2017年軍隊文職招考真題，見證奇跡的時刻到了！千萬別眨眼?。、傥撮_采的煤炭只是一種能源儲備，只有開采出來，價值才能得到發(fā)揮②充分挖掘并應(yīng)用大數(shù)據(jù)這座巨大而未知的寶藏，將成為企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級的關(guān)鍵③有人把大數(shù)據(jù)比喻為蘊藏能量的煤礦④數(shù)據(jù)作為一種資源，在“沉睡”的時候是很難創(chuàng)造價值的，需要進行數(shù)據(jù)挖掘⑤大數(shù)據(jù)是一種在獲取、存儲、管理、分析方面規(guī)模大大超出傳統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)庫軟件工具能力范圍的數(shù)據(jù)集合⑥與此類似，大數(shù)據(jù)并不在“大”，而在于“用”將以上6個句子重新排列，語序正確的是：A.③①②⑤④⑥B.⑤③④⑥①②C.③⑤②①④⑥D(zhuǎn).⑤④③①⑥②國家軍隊文職考試網(wǎng)統(tǒng)計：本題正確率約為55%看到這一正確率是不是心里有了些許安慰呢？因為不只你一個人錯了，還有這么多小伙伴陪著你呢！大家拿到這題肯定先看③和⑤了吧，在那里研究半天，發(fā)現(xiàn)兩句好像都可以做首句，不好排除啊。這可怎么辦？“還能怎么辦，只能一句一句挨著看一遍，慢慢縷縷順序，挨個排除唄！”只能說這位考生太耿直了，看筆者下面放個大招！不知道大家注意到第⑥句沒，“與此類似”，多么明顯的提示詞啊，就這么坦蕩蕩地放在大家眼前，無論如何也不能漏掉它啊！“此”指的是什么？“大數(shù)據(jù)不在大而在于用”到底與什么類似呢？看前面幾句，明顯就是指第①句，所以①⑥肯定是在一起的，看看選項，只有D項是這么排序的，按照D項的順序驗證一下，很通順，就選D?？矗屯ㄟ^一個明顯的提示詞就能快速判斷出正確答案，記住了，以后判斷不出首句時，先看看有沒有顯眼的提示詞，它會幫助你快速鎖定答案！二、語句話題的一致性①讓世代居住在古城的居民全搬到城外，破壞了歷史街區(qū)的真實與完整，不利于古城文化遺產(chǎn)和原生態(tài)文化的保護與傳承②人口流動是一個長期自然發(fā)展的過程③既要保護古城歷史文化遺存、歷史街區(qū)等物質(zhì)載體，也要傳承風(fēng)土人情、生活習(xí)俗等文化生態(tài)，實現(xiàn)傳統(tǒng)文化生活和古城文明的延續(xù)④僅就商業(yè)運營來說，這種模式在一些地方也并不成功⑤如果把古城內(nèi)的物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)比作人的“肌肉和骨架”，那么非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)就是人體里流淌的“血液”，兩者密不可分⑥現(xiàn)在有種現(xiàn)象，政府或公司把古城里的街區(qū)甚至整體城區(qū)買下來，把原來居民安置到城外，然后引來商戶進城經(jīng)營將以上6個句子重新排列，語序正確的是：A.①④②⑥③⑤B.②⑤⑥③④①C.⑤③⑥②①④D.⑥①②④⑤③國家軍隊文職考試網(wǎng)統(tǒng)計：本題正確率約為這題是真難啊，看這可憐巴巴的正確率就知道了?！斑@命題人是從哪里找到的文段，這幾個句子怎么排感覺都不對啊，按照四個選項的順序都讀了一遍，感覺木有正確答案，好心塞，再也不會覺得語句排序簡單了?！边@位考生不要難過，只要掌握了方法，語句排序?qū)⒉粫偈悄愕臒?！那么怎么快速找出答案呢？這種看起來不相干的幾句話，主要是靠分類，按照話題分類。②句最特殊，感覺它放哪里都不太對，就從它入手。②談到“人口流動”，那么還有哪句談到了？一瞅，①和⑥都是在說把居民遷到城外，涉及到了“人口流動”的話題。剩下的其他三句都與“人口流動”無關(guān)，因此①②⑥應(yīng)該是在一起的，看選項，排除A、B兩項。再看它們之間的順序，根據(jù)C、D兩項可知，⑥在①、②之前，只要判斷出①、②的先后順序即可確定答案。假如是①②的順序，“人口流動是一個長期自然發(fā)展的過程”后面該接什么呢？按照D項的順序“⑥①②④”，④中提到“這種模式”，話題明顯與②不搭邊，連在一起邏輯上也說不過去，因此排除D項。正確答案就選C?。ㄈ绻阒豢床痪殹⒆鲱}少，掌握再多技巧對提高正確率都沒有幫助）
2018年軍隊文職人員招聘考試（化學(xué)）模擬試題及答案（一）-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊文職考試-紅師教育
發(fā)布時間：2018-01-09 11:22:531.下列化合物為離子型化合物，且陽離子和陰離子具有相同的電子層結(jié)構(gòu)的是A.MgOB.NaClC.KFD.NO答案：A2.實驗室用銅和稀硝酸制取NO時，為了加快反應(yīng)速率，可以采用的措施是A.改用濃硝酸B.減小稀硝酸的濃度C.加熱D.增加壓強答案：C
